The Effect of Toothpaste Concentration on Enamel and Dentine Wear In Vitro.
Summary of "The Effect of Toothpaste Concentration on Enamel and Dentine Wear In Vitro."
OBJECTIVES:
To determine the effect of toothpaste concentration on enamel and dentine wear in vitro and to model the effects of toothpaste abrasion upon dilution during toothbrushing in vivo.
METHODS:
Polished human enamel/dentine specimens were indented with a Knoop diamond and the enamel-dentine junction profiled. Specimens were brushed for 1200s with toothpastes with differing Relative Dentine Abrasivity (RDA), either Toothpaste A (RDA=90) or Toothpaste B (RDA=200), using a toothbrush mounted in a brushing machine. The toothpastes were dispersed in water and 1% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to give a range of toothpaste concentrations. After brushing the Knoop indent length and the enamel-dentine step were remeasured and the wear to the enamel and dentine calculated. An equation for modelling the decrease in toothpaste concentration with brushing time was found using published in vivo data and used to estimate the level of dentine wear during in vivo brushing.
RESULTS:
The mean enamel wear was in the range 0.03 to 0.11mum and there was only a small but non significant (p>0.05) increase in enamel wear with toothpaste concentration. The mean dentine wear was in the range 0.28 to 27.63mum and the dentine wear increased significantly (p<0.05) with toothpaste concentration, with Toothpaste B giving more wear than Toothpaste A. Analysis with published in vivo data showed that 50% of dentine wear occurs in the first 20s of brushing and that the wear approaches a plateau value with brushing time as the toothpaste concentration is reduced.
CONCLUSIONS:
Enamel wear increases only slightly with toothpaste concentration whereas dentine wear increases with toothpaste concentration.
Affiliation
Unilever Oral Care, Quarry Road East, Bebington, Wirral, CH63 3JW.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Journal of dentistry
ISSN: 1879-176X
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20736044
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2010.08.010
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Dental Restoration Wear
Occlusal wear of the surfaces of restorations and surface wear of dentures.
Inhibitory Concentration 50
The concentration of a compound needed to reduce population growth of organisms, including eukaryotic cells, by 50% in vitro. Though often expressed to denote in vitro antibacterial activity, it is also used as a benchmark for cytotoxicity to eukaryotic cells in culture.
Enamel Organ
Epithelial cells surrounding the dental papilla and differentiated into three layers: the inner enamel epithelium, consisting of ameloblasts which eventually form the enamel, and the enamel pulp and external enamel epithelium, both of which atrophy and disappear before and upon eruption of the tooth, respectively.
Dental Enamel Hypoplasia
An acquired or hereditary condition due to deficiency in the formation of tooth enamel (AMELOGENESIS). It is usually characterized by defective, thin, or malformed DENTAL ENAMEL. Risk factors for enamel hypoplasia include gene mutations, nutritional deficiencies, diseases, and environmental factors.
Amelogenesis
The elaboration of dental enamel by ameloblasts, beginning with its participation in the formation of the dentino-enamel junction to the production of the matrix for the enamel prisms and interprismatic substance. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)
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