Active cooling of whole blood to room temperature improves blood component quality.
Summary of "Active cooling of whole blood to room temperature improves blood component quality."
BACKGROUND:
Many countries use cooling plates to actively cool collected whole blood (WB) to room temperature. Until now, no paired comparison had been performed, and it was our aim to compare the effect of active versus no active cooling on the in vitro quality of WB and subsequently prepared blood components. STUDY DESIGN AND
METHODS:
Two units of WB were pooled and divided shortly after donation. One unit was placed under a butane-1,4-diol plate to obtain active cooling; the other was placed in an insulated box with other warm units to mimic worst-case holding conditions. WB was held overnight and processed into a white blood cell (WBC)-reduced red blood cells (RBCs), buffy coat (BC), and plasma. The BCs were further processed into platelet (PLT) concentrates. RBCs were stored for 42 days, and PLT concentrates for 8 days (n = 12 paired experiments).
RESULTS:
After overnight storage, ATP content of the RBCs was 4.9 +/- 0.3 micromol/g Hb for actively cooled WB versus 4.5 +/- 0.4 micromol/g Hb for not actively cooled WB (p < 0.001). On Day 42 of storage, RBCs prepared from this WB contained 3.1 +/- 0.3 micromol ATP/g Hb with active cooling versus 2.6 +/- 0.3 micromol/g Hb without (p < 0.001). Hemolysis on Day 42 was 0.35 +/- 0.08% with active cooling and 0.67 +/- 0.21% without (p < 0.001). No effect was observed on the in vitro quality of plasma, BC, or PLT concentrates.
CONCLUSIONS:
Active cooling of WB results in improved ATP levels and less hemolysis in WBC-reduced RBCs, although the clinical implications are unclear. It has no effect on the in vitro quality of plasma or PLT concentrates.
Affiliation
From Research and Development, Sanquin Blood Bank North West, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Transfusion
ISSN: 1537-2995
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20796253
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1537-2995.2010.02828.x
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Cryoanesthesia
ANESTHESIA achieved by lowering either BODY TEMPERATURE (core cooling) or SKIN TEMPERATURE (external cooling).
Warm Ischemia
A tissue or organ remaining at physiological temperature during decreased BLOOD perfusion or in the absence of blood supply. During ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION it begins when the organ reaches physiological temperature before the completion of SURGICAL ANASTOMOSIS and ends with reestablishment of the BLOOD CIRCULATION through the tissue.
Body Temperature Regulation
The processes of heating and cooling that an organism uses to control its temperature.
Blood Preservation
The process by which blood or its components are kept viable outside of the organism from which they are derived (i.e., kept from decay by means of a chemical agent, cooling, or a fluid substitute that mimics the natural state within the organism).
Hyperemia
The presence of an increased amount of blood in a body part or an organ leading to congestion or engorgement of blood vessels. Hyperemia can be due to increase of blood flow into the area (active or arterial), or due to obstruction of outflow of blood from the area (passive or venous).
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