Advertisement
+ News Categories + Corporate Categories + Report Categories

Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of minocycline hydrochloride in horses.

Summary

Objective-To determine the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of minocycline in horses. Animals-5 healthy Thoroughbred mares for the pharmacokinetic experiment and 6 healthy Thoroughbred mares for the tissue distribution experiment. Procedures-Each mare was given 2.2 mg of minocycline hydrochloride/kg, IV. Blood samples were collected once before minocycline administration (0 hours) and 10 times within 48 hours after administration in the pharmacokinetics study, and 24 tissue samples were obtained at 0.5 and 3 hours in the distribution study. Results-No adverse effects were observed in any of the mares after minocycline administration. The mean +/- SD elimination half-life was 7.70 +/- 1.91 hours. The total body clearance was 0.16 +/- 0.04 L/h/kg, and the volume of distribution at steady state was 1.53 +/- 0.09 L/kg. The percentage of plasma protein binding was 68.1 +/- 2.6%. Plasma concentration of free minocycline was 0.12 mug/mL at 12 hours. Minocycline was not detected in brain tissue, CSF or aqueous humor at 0.5 hours; however, it was found in all tissues, except in the aqueous humor, at 3 hours. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Clearance of minocycline in healthy mares was greater than that reported for humans. For effective treatment of infections with common equine pathogens, it will be necessary to administer minocycline at a dosage of 2.2 mg/kg, IV, every 12 hours. This drug could be useful for infections in many tissues, including the CNS. The pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution data should aid in the appropriate use of minocycline in horses. (Am J Vet Res 2010;71:1062-1066).

Affiliation

Analytical Chemistry Section, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, 1731-2 Tsurutamachi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-0851, Japan.

Journal Details

Name: American journal of veterinary research
ISSN: 0002-9645
Pages: 1062-6

Links

MESH Definitions

Tissue Distribution

Accumulation of a drug or chemical substance in various organs (including those not relevant to its pharmacologic or therapeutic action). This distribution depends on the blood flow or perfusion rate of the organ, the ability of the drug to penetrate organ membranes, tissue specificity, protein binding. The distribution is usually expressed as tissue to plasma ratios.

Binomial Distribution

The probability distribution associated with two mutually exclusive outcomes; used to model cumulative incidence rates and prevalence rates. The Bernoulli distribution is a special case of binomial distribution.

Poisson Distribution

A distribution function used to describe the occurrence of rare events or to describe the sampling distribution of isolated counts in a continuum of time or space.

Chi-square Distribution

A distribution in which a variable is distributed like the sum of the squares of any given independent random variable, each of which has a normal distribution with mean of zero and variance of one. The chi-square test is a statistical test based on comparison of a test statistic to a chi-square distribution. The oldest of these tests are used to detect whether two or more population distributions differ from one another.

Normal Distribution

Continuous frequency distribution of infinite range. Its properties are as follows: 1, continuous, symmetrical distribution with both tails extending to infinity; 2, arithmetic mean, mode, and median identical; and 3, shape completely determined by the mean and standard deviation.

 PubMed Articles 8937 Associated PubMed Articles :: Search

 Clinical Trials 3955 Associated Clinical Trials :: Search