Pharmacokinetics and milk penetration of difloxacin after a long-acting formulation for subcutaneous administration to lactating goats.
Summary of "Pharmacokinetics and milk penetration of difloxacin after a long-acting formulation for subcutaneous administration to lactating goats."
The single-dose disposition kinetics of difloxacin were determined in clinically normal lactating goats (n=6) after intravenous (IV) and subcutaneous (SC) administration and subcutaneous administration of a long-acting poloxamer 407 gel formulation (P407). Difloxacin concentrations were determined by HPLC with fluorescence detection. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of difloxacin against 14 strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from mastitic goats' milk in Spain were determined to compute pharmacodynamic surrogate markers. The concentration-time data were analyzed by compartmental and noncompartmental pharmacokinetic methods. Following SC and P407 administration, difloxacin achieved maximum milk concentrations of 1.34+/-0.12 and 2.97+/-1.18mg/L, respectively, at 4.00+/-0.00h (SC) and 3.60+/-0.89h (P407) after administration. The absolute bioavailabilities after SC and P407 administration were 81.74+/-15.60% and 72.58+/-20.45%, respectively. Difloxacin penetration from the blood into the milk was good and high concentrations were found in milk secretions. From these data, a 15mg/kg dose of difloxacin P407 would appear to be effective against Staphylococcus aureus isolated from mastitic goats' milk with minimum inhibitory concentrations
Affiliation
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30.071-Murcia, Spain.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Journal of dairy science
ISSN: 1525-3198
Pages: 3056-3064
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20630222
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2010-3257
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Insulin, Long-acting
Insulin formulation containing substance which delays or retards time period of the absorption of insulin.
Milk Hypersensitivity
Allergic reaction to milk (usually cow's milk) or milk products. MILK HYPERSENSITIVITY should be differentiated from LACTOSE INTOLERANCE, an intolerance to milk as a result of congenital deficiency of lactase.
Penfluridol
One of the long-acting ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS used for maintenance or long-term therapy of SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS.
Lactation
The processes of milk secretion by the maternal MAMMARY GLANDS after PARTURITION. The proliferation of the mammary glandular tissue, milk synthesis, and milk expulsion or let down are regulated by the interactions of several hormones including ESTRADIOL; PROGESTERONE; PROLACTIN; and OXYTOCIN.
Sulfamonomethoxine
Long acting sulfonamide antibacterial agent.
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