High-intensity exercise and carbohydrate-reduced energy-restricted diet in obese individuals.
Summary of "High-intensity exercise and carbohydrate-reduced energy-restricted diet in obese individuals."
Continuous high glycemic load and inactivity challenge glucose homeostasis and fat oxidation. Hyperglycemia and high intramuscular glucose levels mediate insulin resistance, a precursor state of type 2 diabetes. The aim was to investigate whether a carbohydrate (CHO)-reduced diet combined with high-intensity interval training (HIIT) enhances the beneficial effects of the diet alone on insulin sensitivity and fat oxidation in obese individuals. Nineteen obese subjects underwent 14 days of CHO-reduced and energy-restricted diet. Ten of them combined the diet with HIIT (4 min bouts at 90% VO(2peak) up to 10 times, 3 times a week). Oral glucose insulin sensitivity (OGIS) increased significantly in both groups; [diet-exercise (DE) group: pre 377 +/- 70, post 396 +/- 68 mL min(-1) m(-2); diet (D) group: pre 365 +/- 91, post 404 +/- 87 mL min(-1) m(-2); P < 0.001]. Fasting respiratory exchange ratio (RER) decreased significantly in both groups (DE group: pre 0.91 +/- 0.06, post 0.88 +/- 0.06; D group: pre 0.92 +/- 0.07, post 0.86 +/- 0.07; P = 0.002). VO(2peak) increased significantly in the DE group (pre 27 +/- 5, post 32 +/- 6 mL kg(-1) min(-1); P < 0.001), but not in the D group (pre 26 +/- 9, post 26 +/- 8 mL kg(-1) min(-1)). Lean mass and resistin were preserved only in the DE group (P < 0.05). Fourteen days of CHO-reduced diet improved OGIS and fat oxidation (RER) in obese subjects. The energy-balanced HIIT did not further enhance these parameters, but increased aerobic capacity (VO(2peak)) and preserved lean mass and resistin.
Affiliation
School of Sport, Health and Exercise Sciences, Bangor University, George Building, Holyhead Road, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2PZ, UK.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: European journal of applied physiology
ISSN: 1439-6327
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20628884
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00421-010-1571-y
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Diet, Carbohydrate-restricted
A diet that contains limited amounts of CARBOHYDRATES. This is in distinction to a regular DIET.
Exercise Test
Controlled physical activity, more strenuous than at rest, which is performed in order to allow assessment of physiological functions, particularly cardiovascular and pulmonary, but also aerobic capacity. Maximal (most intense) exercise is usually required but submaximal exercise is also used. The intensity of exercise is often graded, using criteria such as rate of work done, oxygen consumption, and heart rate.
Ketogenic Diet
A course of food intake that is high in FATS and low in CARBOHYDRATES. This diet provides sufficient PROTEINS for growth but insufficient amount of carbohydrates for the energy needs of the body. A ketogenic diet generates 80-90% of caloric requirements from fats and the remainder from proteins.
Diet, Fat-restricted
A diet that contains limited amounts of fat with less than 30% of calories from all fats and less than 10% from saturated fat. Such a diet is used in control of HYPERLIPIDEMIAS. (From Bondy et al, Metabolic Control and Disease, 8th ed, pp468-70; Dorland, 27th ed)
Diabetic Diet
A diet prescribed in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, usually limited in the amount of sugar or readily available carbohydrate. (Dorland, 27th ed)
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