PubMed Journal Database | Acta biochimica Polonica - Page: 2 
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Showing PubMed Articles 26–50 of 74 from Acta biochimica Polonica
Nature of cross-seeding barriers of amyloidogenesis.
The epidemics of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) several decades ago and present epidemics of chronic wasting disease (CWD) among cervids posed a threat of cross-species infections to humans or other animals. Therefore, the question as to the molecular nature of the species barriers to transmissibility of prion diseases is very important. We approached this problem theoretically, first developing a model of template-monomer interaction based on logical and topological grounds and on experimental data...
More and more research is done concerning nutritional programming. Human milk nutrients which are consumed by infants can influence their health in later life. High level of cholesterol in human milk paradoxically lowers the cholesterol concentration in blood in adults. During the course of human lactation the cholesterol concentration decreases from 31 mg/100cm(3) (colostrum) to 16 mg/100 cm(3) (mature milk). According to Scopesi et al., 2002, Clin Nutr 21: 379-384, cholesterol concentration in mature milk...
Prebiotics are defined as selectively fermented food ingredients that induce specific changes in the composition and/or activity in the gastrointestinal microbiota beneficial to the host well-being and health. The aim of the presented experiment was to investigate the effect of a prebiotic applied alone or in combination with Hyppocastani extractum siccum, and Lini oleum virginale in rats with dimethylhydrazine induced colon cancer. Wistar albino rats were fed high fat diet supplemented with the prebiotic a...
Reduction of bilirubin ditaurate by the intestinal bacterium Clostridium perfringens.
Bilirubin is degraded in the human gut by microflora into urobilinoids. In our study we investigated whether the bilirubin-reducing strain of Clostridium perfringens can reduce bilirubin ditaurate (BDT), a bile pigment of some lower vertebrates, without hydrolysis of the taurine moiety. C. perfringes was incubated under anaerobic conditions with BDT; reduction products were quantified by spectrophotometry and separated by TLC. Based on Rf values of BDT reduction products and synthetic urobilinogen ditaurate...
Rab7 GTPases are involved in membrane trafficking in the late endosomal/lysosomal pathway. In Paramecium octaurelia Rab7a and Rab7b are encoded by paralogous genes. Antipeptide antibodies generated against divergent C-termini recognize Rab7a of 22.5 kDa and Rab7b of 25 kDa, respectively. In 2D gel electrophoresis two immunoreactive spots were identified for Rab7b at pI~6.34 and ~6.18 and only one spot for Rab7a of pI~6.34 suggesting post-translational modification of Rab7b. Mass spectrometry revealed eight...
Porphyrin photosensitizers tend to localize in mitochondria. The depolarization of mitochondrial membrane is one of the early stages of apoptosis and Laser Scanning Fluorescence Microscopy allows to determine changes in transmembrane mitochondrial potential under influence of PDT depending on the kind of photosensitizer (PP(Arg)(2), Hp(Arg)(2)), the energy dose (5, 10, 30 and 50 J/cm(2)) and time periods (24 and 48 hours after irradiation) in the LNCaP (lymphonodal metastasis of prostate carcinoma, the andr...
Angiogenesis, the formation of new capillaries from pre-existing vascular network, plays an important role in physiological and pathological processes such as embryonic development, wound healing, and development of atherosclerosis. Extension of the circulatory network is also considered to be one the most important factors during cancerogenesis. Inhibition of angiogenesis may lead to inhibition of tumor growth whereas stimulation may improve wound healing. Research achievements suggest the use of plants an...
Effect of Medicago sativa Mhb1gene expression on defense response of Arabidopsis thaliana plants.
Besides the previously described nitric oxide-detoxification activity we identified new features of class-1 non-symbiotic hemoglobin from Medicago sativa (Mhb1). Under in vitro conditions, using peroxidase in-gel activity assay, theMhb1 protein was shown to possess also peroxidase-like activity. Due to this activity, in the presence of nitrite and hydrogen peroxide, the protein can mediate autonitration and nitration of other proteins at tyrosine residues, as revealed by tandem mass spectrometry and immune...
In the stroma compartment, several pathways are used for integration/translocation of chloroplast proteins into or across the thylakoid membrane. In this study we investigated the mode of incorporation of the chloroplast-encoded cytochrome b(6) into the bacterial membrane. Cytochrome b(6) naturally comprises of four transmembrane helices (A,B,C,D) and contains two b-type hemes. In the present study, mature cytochrome b(6) or constructed deletion mutants of cytochrome were expressed in E. coli cells. The mem...
Quality control in tRNA charging - editing of homocysteine.
All living organisms conduct protein synthesis with a high degree of accuracy maintained in the transmission and flow of information from a gene to protein product. One crucial "quality control" point in maintaining a high level of accuracy is the selectivity by which aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases furnish correctly activated amino acids, attached to tRNA species, as the building blocks for growing protein chains. When differences in binding energies of amino acids to an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase are inadequate...
In vitro inhibition of topoisomerase IIα by reduced glutathione.
In most cells, the major intracellular redox buffer is glutathione (GSH) and its disulfide-oxidized (GSSG) form. The GSH/GSSG system maintains the intracellular redox balance and the essential thiol status of proteins by thiol disulfide exchange. Topoisomerases are thiol proteins and are target of thiol-reactive substances. In this study, the inhibitory effect of physiological concentration of GSH and GSSG on topoisomerase IIα activity in vitro was investigated. GSH (0-10 mM) inhibited topoisomerase IIα i...
Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha P2 promoter variants associate with insulin resistance.
This study aimed to investigate the associations of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 (HNF4) alpha single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and haplotype with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome parameters. Nine SNPs spanning the HNF4 alpha P2 promoter (rs4810424, rs1884613 and rs1884614) and coding region (rs2144908, rs6031551, rs6031552, rs1885088, rs1028583 and rs3818247) were genotyped in 160 subjects without diabetes or metabolic syndrome. The HNF4 alpha P2 promoter SNPs rs4810424, rs1884613 and rs188461...
Computational study of binding of epothilone A to β-tubulin.
Understanding the interactions of epothilones with β-tubulin is crucial for computer aided rational design of macrocyclic drugs based on epothilones and epothilone derivatives. Despite numerous structure-activity relationship investigations we still lack substantial knowledge about the binding mode of epothilones and their derivatives to β-tubulin. In this work, we reevaluated the electron crystallography structure of epothilone A/β-tubulin complex (PDB entry 1TVK) and proposed an alternative binding mod...
Among possible causes of chronic hepatitis in adolescents most common are infections, autoimmune disorders and metabolic diseases. Thus, diagnostic procedures should be multidirectional. This study reports diagnosis and treatment difficulties in an 18-year-old male patient with hereditary hemochromatosis (HH), ulcerative colitis (UC), chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and Gilbert syndrome. The presented case illustrates problems in diagnostics related to the presence of numerous disease conditions in one patient. I...
Affinity chromatography on Chelating Sepharose Fast Flow Gel-Zn(2+) was used for fractionation of boar seminal plasma proteins. Approximately 30% of total boar seminal plasma proteins showed affinity for zinc ions (ZnBP fraction). Native electrophoresis (PAGE) of ZnBP revealed six protein fractions which separated into 27 bands under denaturing conditions (SDS/PAGE). Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2 D PAGE) showed 148 polypeptides with isoelectric points mostly in the basic and neutral pH range. The zinc-...
Altered oxidative stress levels in Indian Parkinson's disease patients with PARK2 mutations.
The aim of this pilot study was to determine the baseline state of oxidative stress indices in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Peripheral blood samples of 15 PD subjects were analyzed and compared with ten age matched healthy controls. Patients with PARK2 mutations were also compared with PD patients without mutations. There was significant increase in malondialdehyde content and superoxide-dismutase activity in peripheral blood parameters in PD patients (p < 0.05) in comparison to controls. These f...
Cyclic enkephalin-deltorphin hybrids containing a carbonyl bridge: structure and opioid activity.
Six hybrid N-ureidoethylamides of octapeptides in which an N-terminal cyclic structure related to enkephalin was elongated by a C-terminal fragment of deltorphin were synthesized on MBHA resin. The synthetic procedure involved deprotection of Boc groups with HCl/dioxane and cleavage of the peptide resin with 45 % TFA in DCM. d-Lys and d-Orn were incorporated in position 2, and Lys, Orn, Dab, or Dap in position 5. The side chains of the dibasic amino function were protected with the Fmoc group. This protecti...
The multixenobiotic/multidrug resistance (MXR/MDR) system controls transport of foreign molecules across the plasma membrane as a preventive measure before toxicity becomes apparent. The system consists of an efflux pump, ABCB1, and/or a member of the ABCC family. Ionic liquids are broadly used solvents with several unique properties such as wide liquid range, negligible vapor pressure, good thermal and chemical stability and extraordinary dissolution properties for organic and inorganic compounds. Ionic li...
We examined changes in profiles of isoflavonoids in roots of lupine (Lupinus luteus L. cv. Juno) seedlings in response to treatment with two heavy metals: cadmium (at 10 mg/l) and lead (at 150 mg/l). Overall, 21 flavonoid conjugates were identified in root extracts, some of them with up to six positional isomers. The total amount of all isoflavonoids increased by about 15 % in cadmium-treated plants and by 46 % in lead-treated ones. Heavy metals markedly increased the content of two compounds: 2'-hydroxygen...
Species-specific changes in expression of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and lignin content were detected in roots of soybean (Glycine max L.) and lupine (Lupinus luteus L.) seedlings treated with different concentrations of cadmium (Cd(2+), 0-25 mg/l) or lead (Pb(2+), 0-350 mg/l). The stimulatory effect of both metals was observed in mRNA coding for PAL in soybean. In the case of lupine, changes of PAL mRNA level were dependent on the metal used: Cd(2+) caused a decrease, whereas Pb(2+) an increase of P...
Phenolic compounds from Achillea millefolium L. and their bioactivity.
Since antiquity, Achillea millefolium L. (Asteraceae) has been used in traditional medicine of several cultures, from Europe to Asia. Its richness in bioactive compounds contributes to a wide range of medicinal properties. In this study, we assessed A. millefolium methanolic extract and its isolated components for free radical scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl-pycrilhydrazyl, total antioxidant capacity (based on the reduction of Cu(++) to Cu(+)), and ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation. The activit...
Colon anastomosis is therapeutically challenging because multiple, usually undetectable factors influence a spectrum of repair mechanisms. We hypothesized that low molecular weight heparins, routinely administered perioperatively, may differentially affect gene expression related to colon healing. Twenty pairs of untreated and enoxaparin-treated rats underwent left-side hemicolectomy with a primary end-to-end anastomosis. Normal colon and anastomotic bowel segments were resected on day 0 and on days 1, 3, 5...
Lipopolysaccharides of seven Bradyrhizobium strains and three whole-cell fatty acid preparations from bacteria isolated from nodules of Sarothamnus scoparius (Common Broom) were studied for the presence of very long chain (ω-1)-hydroxy fatty acids. Several such fatty acids were identified. Among them, straight-chain as well as mono- and dimethyl branched acids with chains in the range from 26 to 34 carbon atoms were found. Pyrrolidides and 4,4-dimethyloxazoline derivatives were used to determine the branch...
Cellular retinoic acid binding proteins are considered to be involved in retinoic acid (RA) signaling pathways. Our aim was to compare the expression and localization of cellular retinoic acid binding proteins I and II (CRABP I and II) in embryonic mouse hearts during normal development and after a single teratogenic dose of RA. Techniques such as real-time PCR, RT-PCR, Western blots and immunostaining were employed to examine hearts from embryos at 9-17 dpc. RA treatment at 8.5dpc affects production of CRA...
Functional characteristic of PC12 cells with reduced microsomal glutathione transferase 1.
Microsomal glutathione transferase 1 (MGST1) possesses glutathione transferase and peroxidase activities and is active in biotransformation of xenobiotics and in defense against oxidative stress. To assess MGST1 role in the development and functioning of PC12 cells, we constructed a cell line with reduced MGST1 (PC12_M). Real-time PCR and immunoblot assays showed MGST1 expression lowered to 60 % and immunocytochemical analyses demonstrated an altered concentration and distribution of the enzyme. PC12_M cell...
