PubMed Journal Database - Page: 4 
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Showing PubMed Articles 76–100 of 13,000+
HIV testing practices among men who have sex with men in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Abstract The objective of the study was to explore HIV-testing practices among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Buenos Aires, Argentina, in light of current international health guidelines that recommend frequent HIV testing for MSM who engage in high-risk behavior. Participants, who were recruited using respondent-driven sampling (RDS), were 500 mostly young, nongay-identified MSM of low socioeconomic status, high levels of unemployment, living mainly in the less-affluent areas surrounding Buenos Aires,...
Hemolytic uremic syndrome: sound minds, sick kidneys.
High-Dose Phenobarbital and Erythropoietin for the Treatment of Perinatal Asphyxia in Term Newborns.
BACKGROUND: Our aim was to compare two neuroprotective strategies to supportive care in the treatment of perinatal asphyxia. METHODS: 67 term newborns with perinatal asphyxia were included and randomized in three groups: one group received supportive treatment, another group received a single dose of 40 mg/kg phenobarbital and the third received three daily doses of 1000 IU/kg erythropoietin. We analyzed the following parameters: gestational age, birth weight, Apgar scores, cord blood pH, total serum antiox...
How soon they forget: changes to beliefs after learning about tobacco.
University students' beliefs about tobacco and nicotine were assessed before an educational intervention aimed at correcting tobacco-related misinformation. Beliefs were again measured immediately after the intervention, and then again after a 2-, 4-, 6-, or 8-week retention interval. Initially, participants showed significantly more accurate beliefs about tobacco than pre-intervention, but this improvement decreased after the retention interval. Results suggest that methods currently used in an attempt to...
Children born with non-optimal birth characteristics - that is, are small for gestational age and/or preterm - have an increased risk for several long-term effects such as neurological sequelae and chronic disease. The purpose of this study was to examine whether twins exhibited a different outcome, compared with singletons, in terms of hospitalization during adolescence and early adulthood, and to what extent differences remain when considering the divergence in birth characteristics between singletons and...
Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 expression in primary and metastatic gastric cancer.
BACKGROUND: Amplification and overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) has been shown in subgroups of gastric cancer, correlated to more aggressive disease and predictive for the treatment with HER-2 antibodies. In this study, we examined the prognostic value of HER-2 expression in primary gastric cancer and in associated lymph node metastases and confirmed the role of HER-2 in tumor angiogenesis by examining vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. METHODS: Immunohist...
Prevention of recurrent calcium stone disease includes treatment with thiazide and thiazide-type diuretics to reduce urinary calcium (UCa) levels, with the reduction in UCa correlating with risk of stone recurrence. There has been a recent trend of using lower doses of these medications and change from chlorthalidone (CTL) use to hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) use. It is unknown whether low doses of HCTZ are effective in lowering UCa levels to target levels. We hypothesize that HCTZ is associated with less redu...
Hancocks provides food for thought.
Human papillomavirus and oral disease - emerging evidence: a review.
There is a putative relationship between HPV-16 and oral cancers in younger people who have had little exposure to tobacco smoking and alcohol.
Highly valuable microalgae: biochemical and topological aspects.
The past decade has seen a surge in the interest in microalgae culture for biodiesel production and other applications as renewable biofuels as an alternative to petroleum transport fuels. The development of new technologies for the culture of these photosynthetic microorganisms and improved knowledge of their biochemical composition has spurred innovation in the field of high-value biomolecules. These developments are only economically viable if all the microalgae fractions are valorized in a biorefinery s...
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection plays an important role in gastric carcinogenesis. This bacterium may induce cancer transformation and change the susceptibility of gastric mucosa cells to various exogenous dietary irritants. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of H. pylori infection on the reaction of the stomach cells to a genotoxic effect of heterocyclic amines (HCAs). These well-known mutagens are formed during cooking of protein-rich foods, primarily meat. Taking into account th...
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to gain insight into how low back pain (LBP) patients conceptualize the construct of expectations regarding treatment. METHODS: This study was nested within a mixed-method randomized clinical trial comparing three primary care interventions for LBP. A total of 77 participants with LBP lasting longer than 6 weeks were included; semi-structured interviews were conducted querying patients about their expectations for treatment. Also factors influencing their expectations...
Heartsink Hotel, or "Oh No, Look Who's on My Schedule this Afternoon!"
High life in the sky? Mortality by floor of residence in Switzerland.
Living in high-rise buildings could influence the health of residents. Previous studies focused on structural features of high-rise buildings or characteristics of their neighbourhoods, ignoring differences within buildings in socio-economic position or health outcomes. We examined mortality by floor of residence in the Swiss National Cohort, a longitudinal study based on the linkage of December 2000 census with mortality and emigration records 2001-2008. Analyses were based on 1.5 million people living in...
This review aims to summarize the current evidence for the association of depression and Type D personality with clinical and patient-centred outcomes and self-care in chronic heart failure (CHF) patients. Emotional distress is highly prevalent in CHF patients. In contrast to results in coronary artery disease, there is inconsistent evidence for the adverse effects of depression and Type D on prognosis. Type D and depression are important predictors of impaired health status in CHF, and patients characteris...
Humor, Laughter, and the Cerebellum: Insights from Patients with Acute Cerebellar Stroke.
Extent of cerebellar involvement in cognition and emotion is still a topic of ongoing research. In particular, the cerebellar role in humor processing and control of laughter is not well known. A hypermetric dysregulation of affective behavior has been assumed in cerebellar damage. Thus, we aimed at investigating humor comprehension and appreciation as well as the expression of laughter in 21 patients in the acute or subacute state after stroke restricted to the cerebellum, and in the same number of matched...
Highly fluorescent and biocompatible iridium nanoclusters for cellular imaging.
Highly fluorescent iridium nanoclusters were synthesized and investigated its application as a potential intracellular marker. The iridium nanoclusters were prepared with an average size of ~2 nm. Further, these nanoclusters were refluxed with aromatic ligands, such as 2,2'-binaphthol (BINOL) in order to obtain fluorescence properties. The photophysical properties of these bluish-green emitting iridium nanoclusters were well characterized by using UV-Visible, fluorescence and lifetime decay measurements. T...
Highly selective gas sensor arrays based on thermally reduced graphene oxide.
The electrical properties of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) have been previously shown to be very sensitive to surface adsorbates, thus making rGO a very promising platform for highly sensitive gas sensors. However, poor selectivity of rGO-based gas sensors remains a major problem for their practical use. In this paper, we address the selectivity problem by employing an array of rGO-based integrated sensors instead of focusing on the performance of a single sensing element. Each rGO-based device in such an ar...
How Useful Is MRI in Diagnosing Isolated Bundle ACL Injuries?
BACKGROUND: Selective bundle anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and/or remnant ACL preservation may be reasonable options for some patients. However, the frequency of isolated anteromedial (AM) or posterolateral (PL) bundle injuries in patients undergoing ACL reconstruction is unknown, and the value of MRI for prediction of this injury pattern is likewise unknown. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: We sought to determine (1) the proportion of knees with an intact AM or PL bundle in patients undergoing ACL rec...
Sperm CRISP2 has been proposed to be involved in sperm-egg fusion. After the acrosome reaction, it appears at the equatorial segment (EqS) of human sperm; the mechanism underlying the appearance of CRISP2 at the EqS remains unknown, though. Here, we provide evidence showing the re-association of sperm acrosomal CRISP2 at the EqS during the acrosome reaction. Results showed that F-actin is not involved in the relocalization of CRISP2. We found that basic, but not acidic, conditions can solubilize CRISP2 from...
Hydrolytic Cationic Ester Microparticles for Highly Efficient DNA Vaccine Delivery.
DNA vaccination holds great potential to be a safer and more efficient alternative to traditional vaccination strategies, but the current lack of nontoxic and effective delivery systems is the greatest impediment to its clinical implementation. In this work, a convenient one-step method is used to prepare a degradable "microgel" delivery platform, featuring hydrolytic esters. Prior to hydrolysis, these micrometer-sized gel particles can effectively condense DNA due to their positive surface charge. Upon ent...
High-density lipoprotein extinguishes fire in fat.
How big a role should neonicotinoids play in food security?
Hierarchy of orofacial rhythms revealed through whisking and breathing.
Whisking and sniffing are predominant aspects of exploratory behaviour in rodents. Yet the neural mechanisms that generate and coordinate these and other orofacial motor patterns remain largely uncharacterized. Here we use anatomical, behavioural, electrophysiological and pharmacological tools to show that whisking and sniffing are coordinated by respiratory centres in the ventral medulla. We delineate a distinct region in the ventral medulla that provides rhythmic input to the facial motor neurons that dri...
