PubMed Journal Database | Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) - Page: 4 
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Showing PubMed Articles 76–100 of 159 from Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
Risk Factors for Early Death in Children with Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis.
Aim: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening disturbance of immunoregulation. HLH comprises primary and acquired forms with different disease severity. A large proportion of deaths occur early into treatment. We investigated laboratory and clinical parameters before and two weeks into therapy for association with early death. Methods: 232 children from Scandinavia, Germany or Italy, fulfilling diagnostic criteria and/or with familial disease and/or HLH-causing mutations, receivi...
Radiology, Histology and Short-term outcome of Asymptomatic Congenital Thoracic Malformations.
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and short-term outcome of our management of asymptomatic children with antenatally diagnosed Congenital Thoracic Malformations (CTM), compared with recommendations from a recent review and meta-analysis. Methods: Twenty-two asymptomatic children with CTM, born 01.01.2002 to 08.01.2009 were reviewed. Data on complications and respiratory symptoms were collected. Results: No severe respiratory symptoms were recorded. 17 children were referred to s...
Placental IGF-I, IGFBP-1, zinc, and iron, and maternal and infant anthropometry at birth.
Aim: To correlate placental protein levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-1, with previously determined levels of IGF-I and IGF-II mRNA expression, and the micronutrients zinc and iron, and maternal and newborn anthropometry. Methods: Placental samples were collected from rural field sites in Pakistan. Samples were divided into small and large for gestational age groups (SGA and LGA, respectively). IGFBP-1levels were assessed using Western immunoblotting. IGF-I protein levels were assessed using ELISA techniques....
Aim: To determine whether N-terminal-pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level could be an effective guide for early targeted indomethacin therapy for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants. Methods: An interventional study involved preterm infants, born at < 33 weeks of gestation, who had plasma NT-proBNP levels obtained at day 2 of life. Indomethacin therapy was given if plasma NT-proBNP level ≥10,180pg/ml, the cut-off for predicting hemodynamic significant PDA (hsPDA). Echocardio...
Aim: To critically review neonatal polycythemia (NP) literature, in terms of definition, diagnosis and management. Methods: We reviewed all Medline articles on NP up to December 2009. Results: 1) The textbook definition of NP (venous hematocrit (HCT) >65%) is empirical and not based on statistical definition, symptoms or complications. 2) Measurement of viscosity is not better than HCT in predicting complications. 3) Normovolemic NP due to increased erythropoiesis may be different from hypervolemic...
Severe immune haemolytic anaemia due to ceftriaxone in a patient with congenital nephrotic syndrome.
Background: Severe haemolysis caused by an immune reaction to ceftriaxone has mostly been described in patients with underlying haematological or immune dysfunction. So far this situation has not been recognised in congenital nephrotic syndrome patients. Case Report: The authors present a 20-month-old boy with congenital nephrotic syndrome of the Finnish type with several previous severe infections treated with ceftriaxone, admitted for suspected sepsis. Following ceftriaxone administration he develop...
Aim: To examine associations between burnout and sociodemographic, psychosocial, personality and medical factors in parents of children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM). Methods: A total of 252 parents of children with T1DM participated in a population-based study. We used self-report questionnaires to assess symptoms of burnout and background factors. Results: Psychosocial background factors were significantly associated with burnout in parents, whereas there were no associations between socio...
Klinefelter's syndrome (47,XXY) among men with systemic lupus erythematosus.
Aim: To determine the rate of Klinefelter's syndrome among men with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and to determine whether the manifestations of SLE in these men are different from that seen in 46,XY men. Methods: A total of 276 men with SLE underwent a real-time PCR procedure to screen for more than one X chromosome. Those with results consistent with two X chromosomes were further characterized by karyotype and FISH. Clinical manifestations of SLE were determined by interview, questionnaire an...
Immediate newborn care practices delay thermoregulation and breastfeeding initiation.
Aim: A deadly nosocomial outbreak in a Philippine hospital drew nationwide attention to neonatal sepsis. Together with specific infection control measures, interventions that protect newborns against infection-related mortality include drying, skin-to-skin contact, delayed cord clamping, breastfeeding initiation and delayed bathing. This evaluation characterized hospital care in the first hours of life with the intent to drive policy change, strategic planning and hospital reform. Methods: Trained phy...
WT1 mutation as a cause of 46 XY DSD and Wilm's tumour: a case report and literature review.
Aim: The Wilms' Tumour gene is thought to have tumour suppressor activity and to play an important role in nephrogenesis, genitourinary development, haematopoiesis and sex determination. WT1 mutations will impair gonadal and urinary tract development and have been demonstrated to cause syndromes of WAGR, Denys-Drash and Fraiser. Methods: To elucidate the role of constitutional mutations of WT1, in the expression of the different clinical feature, we describe a 14-year-9-month nonmosaic XY sex-reversed...
Current Italian practices regarding the management of hyperbilirubinaemia in preterm infants.
Aim: To assess the current practices existing in Italy for the management of jaundice in preterm infants as preliminary achievement to a call for national guidelines and establishment of a kernicterus registry. Methods: A questionnaire (in Supporting Information online) was sent to the 109 level III neonatal units in Italy to ascertain existing guidelines for total bilirubin monitoring and treatment of hyperbilirubinaemia in preterm infants and occurrence of kernicterus. Results: There was a 61% (6...
Breast cancer risk among patients with Klinefelter syndrome.
Aim: To evaluate male breast cancer (MBC) risk among patients with Klinefelter syndrome (KS) and relate this to possible biological explanations. Methods: A literature review was conducted to identify case series and epidemiologic studies that have evaluated MBC risk among patients with KS. Results: Case reports without expected values have often led to false impressions of risk. Problems include that a diagnosis of cancer can prompt a karyotypic evaluation and that many cases of KS are unrecognize...
Cross-sectional trends in cardiovascular fitness in Swedish 16-year-olds between 1987 and 2007.
Aim: We sought to investigate the temporal trends in estimated maximal aerobic capacity in adolescents (mean age 16.1). Methods: Analyses were based on data from three population-based samples, collected in 1987 (n = 221), 2001 (n = 537) and 2007 (n = 265). Subjects underwent sub-maximal ergometer testing. Absolute and relative aerobic capacities were estimated using the Åstrand-Ryhming nomogram. Results: Compared to 1987, values for estimated relative and absolute maximal aerobic capa...
Excessively high bilirubin in very low birth weight infants - an ongoing dilemma.
Ethnicity and comorbidities in an overweight and obese multiethnic childhood cohort in Berlin.
Aim: This study aims to analyse the association between ethnicity, elevated metabolic parameters and metabolic syndrome (MS) in a multiethnic cohort of overweight to obese children and adolescents. Methods: For 1053 patients, standard deviation of body mass index (BMI-SDS) was calculated and metabolic parameters (fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment-IR, lipids, blood pressure) were measured. MS was defined by WHO criteria. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were perfor...
Evaluation of potential medical and economic benefits of universal rotavirus vaccination in Greece.
Aim: To evaluate the potential benefits of introducing universal rotavirus (RV) vaccination in Greece. Methods: A decision analytic model was developed to compare the burden and cost of rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) with and without a universal RV vaccination (88% vaccination coverage) for a cohort of children followed from birth until the age of five. Results: Universal RV vaccination would substantially decrease the RVGE burden on the National Health System by reducing RVGE-related hospitaliza...
An Atlas of Neonatal Brain Sonography.
Hepatoblastoma in a 4 year old girl with Fanconi anemia.
Case Report: Hepatoblastoma was diagnosed in a 4 year old girl receiving growth hormone substitution therapy for short stature. Due to multiple congenital malformations VACTERL-H (vertebral, anal, cardiac, tracheal, renal and limb anomalies with hydrocephalus) association had been suggested. Elevated chromosomal breakage rates and G2 phase arrest induced by DNA-crosslinking agents in cellular assays confirmed the diagnosis of Fanconi anemia (FA), a tumor susceptibility syndrome known to be associated wit...
Aims: To examine differences between children with obesity and normal weight children (aged 7-13 years) in terms of physical activity, screen time, food intake and blood parameters indicative of cardio-metabolic risk. Further, to explore the relationship between physical activity, screen time and food intake with cardio-metabolic parameters. Methods: 43 children with obesity were compared with 43 normal weight peers. Physical activity was monitored by accelerometers and screen time and food intake by...
Barriers to translating evidence-based breastfeeding information into practice.
There is strong evidence that using breastmilk substitutes disadvantages the infant, mother and community as a whole. There is also increasing evidence regarding the lactation process, breastfeeding inhibitors and enablers, and breastfeeding management options. However, there appears to be a gap between this evidence base and practice with breastfeeding rates being unacceptably low, especially following hospital discharge. This paper discusses barriers to the implementation of breastfeeding best practice us...
Transient idiopathic dystonia in infancy.
Aim: Review of transient idiopathic dystonia cases in order to improve knowledge on this entity, in relation to frequency, characterization and evolution. Methods: Retrospective review and characterization of clinical cases seen in Pediatric Neurology Consultation, diagnosed with transient idiopathic dystonia, between February 2001 and June 2009, using clinical files complemented with photographic records and updated information through the physician. Results: 13 infants who were referred to the Pe...
Aim: To explore the frequency of polymorphisms in adrenergic cardiovascular control genes in adolescent with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS), and the relation of such polymorphisms to cardiovascular variables. Methods: DNA from 53 CFS patients 12-18 years old were analysed for five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), the β(2) -adrenergic receptor (two SNPs), the β(1) -adrenergic receptor and the α(2a) -adrenergic receptor. Frequencies were compare...
Elevated Nocturnal Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Adolescent Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.
Aim: To compare ambulatory recordings of heart rate and blood pressure in adolescents with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) and healthy controls. We hypothesized both heart rate and blood pressure to be elevated among CFS patients. Methods: 44 CFS patients aged 12-18 years were recruited from our paediatric outpatient clinic. The controls were 52 healthy adolescents having similar distribution of age and gender. 24-hours ambulatory blood pressure and heart rate was recorded using a validated, portable o...
Growth pattern and growth prediction of body height in children with Mucopolysaccharidosis type II.
Aim: Our goal was to evaluate the level, degree and direction of deviation in the ontogenesis of MPS II patients in comparison with the healthy population. Material and Methods: The anthropometric data of a longitudinal study on 28 MPS II patients aged from 0.5 to 21 years, were used to analyze the general growth patterns in terms of height, weight and head circumference. The growth trend were assessed with the straight-line regression model. The mathematical structural growth model was used to evalua...
