PubMed Journal Database | Der Radiologe 
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Showing PubMed Articles 1–25 of 218 from Der Radiologe
Endovascular treatment of thoracic aneurisms : Indications, techniques and results.
CLINICAL ISSUE OF THORACIC ANEURYSMS: Aneurysms are among the most common diseases affecting the thoracic aorta, with a continuous increase in incidence over the recent decades. The main cause of thoracic aneurysms is atherosclerosis, which, due to the frequent lack of major symptoms and the potentially lethal complications such as ruptured aortic aneurysm, remains a challenge in clinical practice. STANDARD RADIOLOGICAL METHODS: CT angiography remains the imaging method of choice for acute aortic aneurysms,...
Endoleaks - when is treatment necessary?
Currently the majority of infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm repairs are endovascular procedures using a stent graft. This method continues to be questioned due to an up to 50 % incidence of endoleaks, i.e. the postinterventional persistence of blood flow outside the graft and within the aneurysm sac, potentially bearing the risk of a further increase of the aneurysm diameter and aneurysm rupture. Currently a total of five different endoleak types can be distinguished. Multiphase computed tomography (CT...
Do we need hybrid operating theaters? : A critical appraisal.
CLINICAL ISSUE: Infrastructural improvements with a combination of interventional and open surgical procedures. STANDARD TREATMENT: Separate performance of interventional and open surgical procedures. TREATMENT INNOVATIONS: Implementation of hybrid operating rooms. DIAGNOSTIC WORK-UP: Intraoperative high-quality digital subtraction angiography. PERFORMANCE: Best hygienic conditions Intraoperative improved image quality Improved patient management Increased patient safety Broadening of indications ACHIEVEMEN...
Intramammary lesion in a 23-year-old female patient.
Indications for contrast media.
Neurofunctional MRI at high magnetic fields.
CLINICAL/METHODICAL ISSUE: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) examinations are limited in their sensitivity due to the low activation-induced signal change. Within short tolerable scan times the spatial resolution is thus limited. STANDARD RADIOLOGICAL METHODS: fMRI is a reliable tool in neuroscience as well as for clinical applications such as presurgical mapping of brain function. METHODICAL INNOVATIONS: The fMRI sensitivity improves greatly (more than linearly) with increasing magnetic field st...
Application of ultrahigh-field MRI in neuro-oncology.
The introduction of high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) into neuro-oncological imaging allows improved visualization of tumor structures even in the field of T1 and T2-weighted imaging. Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) and time of flight (TOF) angiography in particular greatly benefit from the high field strength. The visualization of tumor vasculature in MRI, which was made possible by high-field technology can potentially be applied to monitoring antiangiogenic therapy. Cerebral metastases ca...
CLINICAL/METHODICAL ISSUE: This involves high spatial resolution cardiac imaging with ultrahigh magnetic fields (7 T) and clinically acceptable image quality. STANDARD RADIOLOGICAL METHODS: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at a field strength of 1.5 T using a spatial resolution of (2 × 2 × 6-8) mm(3). METHODICAL INNOVATIONS: Cardiac MRI at ultrahigh field strength makes use of multitransmit/receive radiofrequency (RF) technology and development of novel technology that utilizes t...
Non-invasive cardiac diagnostics prior to minimally invasive therapy.
Criteria for radiological assessment of therapy response : Criteria-based appraisal.
Oncologic imaging and reporting are an important part of clinical trials and have to be performed according to standardized criteria that clearly define how certain changes in the size and number of tumorous lesions have to be rated. Knowledge of these criteria is not only crucial when interpreting cases for a clinical trial but may also be used as guidelines for everyday clinical reporting as they aid decision making and can increase the validity of radiologic reporting.This article summarizes the most imp...
Unilateral leg swelling post partum.
Tumor boards : Why they are necessary and which structure is needed.
This review article gives a detailed overview regarding the growing importance of tumor boards in the daily clinical life. Improved diagnostic and therapeutic options for oncologic diseases lead to an increased complexity in patient management, which can only be handled optimally by a team of specialists. Within this process radiology as a specialty is of growing importance and constitutes the core in the diagnostic algorithm. Radiology is necessary for optimal tumor staging. In summary, there is a growing...
Organ toxicity of medicinal tumor therapy : Morphological correlates.
CLINICAL/METHODOLOGICAL ISSUE: In antineoplastic chemotherapy classical cytostatic drugs are increasingly being supplemented by antibodies and so-called targeted therapies. In addition to the antineoplastic effect and general intolerance quite characteristic morphological changes can often be found and identified by the radiologist. The distinction between findings indicating side effects versus tumor progression or an infectious etiology is essential. FACTS AND CIRCUMSTANCES: Classical antineoplastic chemo...
Imaging in oncology : Terms and definitions.
Oncologic imaging includes the morphological description of the primary tumor region for an accurate classification of the tumor and lymph node stage and whether distant metastases have occurred according to the TNM staging system. Knowing the stage of the disease helps to plan the treatment and to estimate the prognosis. In clinical routine this is accomplished by conventional imaging techniques, such as ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Additionally, oncologic...
Oncologic imaging : Indications for and limitations of modern cross-sectional imaging techniques.
Cross-sectional imaging techniques, such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET) CT are an integral part of the modern oncological workup. They are used for tumor detection and staging as well as for treatment evaluation and monitoring. Due to pathophysiological and histological differences there is no universal imaging protocol for the assessment of different forms of cancer. For instance, CT is still the standard technique for the detection and...
Registration and monitoring of radiation exposure from radiological imaging.
Strategies for reducing radiation exposure are an important part of optimizing medical imaging and therefore a relevant quality factor in radiology. Regarding the medical radiation exposure, computed tomography has a special relevance. The use of the integrating the healthcare enterprise (IHE) radiation exposure monitoring (REM) profile is the upcoming standard for organizing and collecting exposure data in radiology. Currently most installed base devices do not support this profile generating the required...
The federal system in Germany necessitates that in addition to federal laws, country and church-specific legislations must also be considered during the evaluation of relevant legal stipulations concerning data protection. Furthermore, there are also special legal regulations for hospitals in almost every federal state which are governed by the principle of subsidiarity: special legal regulations are to be preferentially used, so that findings from one federal state are difficult to transfer to another fede...
Efficient IT solutions in radiology : Prerequisite for successful management.
For hospitals and radiology departments an efficient hospital information system (HIS), a radiology information system (RIS) and a picture archiving system (PACS) with high availability, reliability, flexibility and simple operation are necessary for survival. Besides the networking of patients and pictures data IT systems must also be capable of continuous process optimization in the dimensions of medical quality, service quality and profitability. What is not measurable is not improvable. A successful man...
The penumbra of the heart in MRI.
Minimally invasive intervention techniques.
Vena cava filter : Which indications remain in the era of differentiated anticoagulation?
CLINICAL/METHODICAL ISSUE: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the third most common disease of the cardiovascular system. It is associated with a 30-day lethality in the range of 6 % in deep vein thrombosis and 12 % in pulmonary embolism (PE). There are various guidelines with sometimes controversial recommendations regarding the use of inferior vena cava (IVC) filters. STANDARD RADIOLOGICAL METHODS: Implantation of IVC filters is a standard therapy in selected patients with an estimated 259,000 filter...
Need for close long-term surveillance after endovascular treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm.
Fetal MRI and ultrasound of congenital CNS anomalies.
In the last decade the newest technologies, fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 3D ultrasound, have given an insight into the minute structures of the fetal brain. However, without knowledge of the basic developmental processes the imaging is futile. Knowledge of fetal neuroanatomy corresponding to the gestational week is necessary in order to recognize pathological structures. Furthermore, a modern neuroradiologist should be acquainted with the three steps in the formation of the cerebral cortex: pr...
