PubMed Journal Database | International psychogeriatrics / IPA 
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Showing PubMed Articles 1–25 of 296 from International psychogeriatrics / IPA
ABSTRACT Background: The prognostic value of subjective memory complaints (SMCs) in the diagnosis of dementia of the Alzheimer's type is unclear. While some studies have found an association between SMCs and cognitive decline, many have found a stronger association with depression, which raises questions about their diagnostic utility. Methods: We examined the cross-sectional association between SMC severity (as measured using the MAC-Q, a brief SMC questionnaire) and affect, memory, and Alzheimer's disease...
ABSTRACT Background: Cost of informal care constitutes an important component of total dementia care cost. It also reflects resource utilization by patients and caregivers. We aim to quantify the informal cost of care for mild to moderate dementia patients. Methods: We recruited 165 patient-caregiver dyads with mild to moderate dementia. Informal care burden was assessed using the Resource Utilization in Dementia (RUD)-Lite instrument. A generalized linear model was fitted for association between cost of in...
ABSTRACT Background: This study evaluated private family caregiving at the intersection of private migrant home care and public nursing care on the hospitalization of an older patient. Methods: Seventy-three individuals were interviewed, including older hospitalized patients, their family members, accompanying migrant home care workers, and nursing personnel. Results: There was no clear consensus concerning the role of family members. Although family members emphasized care management as their main role, th...
ABSTRACT Background: We studied the suitability of The Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease Neuropsychological Battery (CERAD-NB) total score for monitoring Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression in early-diagnosed medicated patients. We also investigated possible differences in progression between patients with very mild or mild baseline AD. Methods: In this three-year follow-up of 115 ALSOVA study patients with clinical dementia ratings (CDR) of very mild (0.5) or mild (1) AD, we analy...
Neural correlates of the components of the clock drawing test.
ABSTRACT Background: The aim of this study was to identify the neural correlates of each component of the clock drawing test (CDT) in drug-naïve patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) using single photon emission computed tomography. Methods: The participants were 95 drug-naïve patients with AD. The Rouleau CDT was used to score the clock drawings. The score for the Rouleau CDT (R total) is separated into three components: the scores for the clock face (R1), the numbers (R2), and the hands (R3). A multipl...
ABSTRACT Background: The Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) is characterized by distinct visual hallucinations and ocularpathology causing visual impairment in patients with insight and the absence of psychiatric comorbidity. The number of reported cases of CBS is expanding as the population ages and the prevalence of vision disorders increases. Antipsychotic medications are often prescribed. However, their efficacy in CBS has been based on sketchy evidence. The use of serotonin selective reuptake inhibitor (SSR...
ABSTRACT Background: Existing instruments for caregiver burden assessment are not specific or sensitive to various aspects of caring for patients with Parkinson's disease. A better understanding of burden may enhance patient care and improve health of both patient and caregiver. The goal of this study was to evaluate the validity of the Parkinson's Disease Caregiver Burden (PDCB) questionnaire, a novel instrument designed to appraise more accurately the burden experienced by caregivers in the setting of Par...
ABSTRACT Background: Physicians often miss diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or early dementia and screening measures can be insensitive to very mild impairments. Other cognitive assessments may take too much time or be frustrating to seniors. This study examined the ability of an audio-recorded scale, developed in Australia, to detect MCI or mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) and compared cognitive domain-specific performance on the audio-recorded scale to in-person battery and common cognitive scree...
CERAD practice effects and attrition bias in a dementia prevention trial.
ABSTRACT Background: The Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) set of tests is frequently used for tracking cognition longitudinally in both clinical and research settings. Repeated cognitive assessments are an important component in measuring such changes; however, practice effects and attrition bias may obscure significant clinical change over time. The current study sought to examine the presence and magnitude of practice effects and the role of attrition bias in a sample of...
Acute dystonic reaction with rivastigmine.
ABSTRACT Dystonic reactions are adverse extrapyramidal side effects and are common to antipsychotics, antiemetics, and a variety of other drugs. Rivastigmine, an anticholinesterase of carbamate variety, is well tolerated. A case of acute dystonic reaction with rivastigmine patch is being reported.
ABSTRACT Background: Most people who collect and hoard, and then have difficulty discarding items, do not live in squalor, even though accumulation of hoarded items can make cleaning very difficult. Commonly, people living in squalor accumulate garbage, but relatively few fulfill proposed criteria for "hoarding disorder." We examined the overlap between hoarding and squalor among people referred because of unacceptable living conditions. Methods: Ongoing collection of data by a Squalor Project team, includi...
ABSTRACT Background: The validity of self-reported quality-of-life (QoL) assessments of people with dementia (PWD) is a critical issue. We designed this study to determine the non-cognitive factors that are associated with self-reported QoL and PWD QoL as rated by family caregivers. Methods: Using a cross-sectional study, we assessed QoL of 41 people with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD). The individuals with AD and their family caregivers completed the Quality of Life in Alzheimer's Disease Scale (QoL-AD), th...
Social networking sites and older users - a systematic review.
ABSTRACT Background: Social networking sites can be beneficial for senior citizens to promote social participation and to enhance intergenerational communication. Particularly for older adults with impaired mobility, social networking sites can help them to connect with family members and other active social networking users. The aim of this systematic review is to give an overview of existing scientific literature on social networking in older users. Methods: Computerized databases were searched and 105 ar...
Aspects of communication in Alzheimer's disease: clinical features and treatment options.
ABSTRACT Background: During the course of Alzheimer's disease (AD), cognitive processes, including language and communication, become increasingly impaired. The aim of this review was to highlight the impact of communication deficits in AD, and discuss the need for effective treatments. Method: PubMed was searched for studies relating to language and communication in AD. The publications identified were used as a basis for the commentary in this paper. Studies relating to the clinical effectiveness of pharm...
ABSTRACT Background: Differences in the level of cognitive compromise between individuals following brain injury are thought to arise from underlying differences in cognitive reserve. The level of cognitive reserve attained by an individual is influenced by both genetic and life experience factors such as educational attainment and occupational history. The Tasmanian Healthy Brain Project (THBP) is a world-first prospective study examining the capacity of university-level education to enhance cognitive rese...
Aspects of awareness in patients with Alzheimer's disease.
ABSTRACT Background: The purpose of the present study was to gain insight into Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients' perception of the world through the study of a few aspects of awareness. The aspects in focus of the study were disease awareness, metacognition, managing of everyday life, and as a complement, the agreement (calibration) between patients and their spouses on the studied aspects was considered. Method: A mixed-method evaluation design was used involving 15 AD patients, their spouses, and 15 elde...
ABSTRACT Background: Acceptability and fidelity assessments are an integral part of research, although few published trials comment on these processes in detail. Methods: We designed a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to identify the benefits of a cognition-focused intervention for older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Participants completed a six-item feedback questionnaire identifying level of satisfaction with their allocated intervention; this formed the acceptability assessment. Audio recording...
Moving in: adjustment of people living with dementia going into a nursing home and their families.
ABSTRACT Background: Most people with dementia in Western societies will eventually be placed in a nursing home. This can be stressful to those with dementia and to their families. The adjustment to this new caring environment by both residents and their family caregivers and the factors that influence this are the focus of this review. Methods: A literature search of Embase, Scopus, and Medline databases of articles published in English between 1990 and 2011 using specified search terms was performed to ex...
How do family carers respond to behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia?
ABSTRACT Background: Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) have been associated with increased carer burden and early institutionalization. BPSD are more responsive to treatment than are cognitive and functional decline. Little is known about how family carers understand and try to reduce these symptoms. This study aimed to explore the strategies used by carers looking after someone with high levels of BPSD. Methods: Twenty-five carers were interviewed using a semi-structured interview wi...
Healthy behavior and memory self-reports in young, middle-aged, and older adults.
ABSTRACT Background: Previous research has shown that healthy behaviors, such as regular physical exercise, a nutritious diet, and not smoking, are associated with a lower risk for Alzheimer's disease and dementia. However, less is known about the potential link between healthy behaviors and mild memory symptoms that may precede dementia in different age groups. Methods: A daily telephone survey (Gallup-Healthways Well-Being Index) of US residents yielded a random sample of 18,552 respondents ranging in age...
The usefulness of monitoring sleep talking for the diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies.
ABSTRACT Background: Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is the second most common type of neurodegenerative dementia. It is frequently difficult to differentiate DLB from Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other types of dementia. This study examined the usefulness of monitoring sleep talking for the diagnosis of DLB. Methods: A total of 317 patients with dementia were selected from a consecutive series at the Dementia Clinic of Kumamoto University Hospital. Diagnostic categories consisted of probable DLB (n = 55),...
ABSTRACT Background: While venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk assessment and prophylaxis is well established for medical and surgical in-patients, there is a paucity of evidence, and therefore guidelines, in this area for psychogeriatric in-patients. We wished to determine VTE incidence, risk, and use of prophylaxis, in a psychogeriatric in-patient population. Methods: Retrospective audit of consecutive psychogeriatric patients aged 65 years and over admitted to Bankstown Hospital over a 3-year period, 2007-...
Efficacy of a cognitive intervention program in patients with mild cognitive impairment.
ABSTRACT Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a transitional state between normal aging and dementia. Identifying this condition would allow early interventions that may reduce the rate of progression to Alzheimer's disease (AD). We examined the efficacy of a six-month cognitive intervention program (CIP) in patients with MCI and to assess patients' condition at one-year follow-up. Methods: Forty-six MCI participants assessed with neuropsychological, neurological, neuropsychiatry, and functional p...
