PubMed Journal Database | AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology 
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Showing PubMed Articles 1–25 of 46 from AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Evaluation of alar traumatic injuries by using MR imaging is frequently performed. This study investigates the variability of morphology and signal intensity of alar ligaments in healthy volunteers so that pathology can be more accurately defined. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty healthy volunteers were examined on a 1.5T MR imaging scanner with 2-mm PD-weighted sequences in 3 planes. Delineation of the alar ligaments in 3 planes and signal-intensity characteristics on sagittal planes we...
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Carotid IMT is widely used as a surrogate marker for atherosclerosis. Prospective studies in largely white populations demonstrate that it is strongly associated with carotid plaque and is an independent predictor of stroke. There are few data from black populations. In a previous study, we showed that carotid IMT is increased in black individuals in the UK. The purpose of this study was to confirm this with a larger sample size and to establish whether raised IMT in black stroke-fre...
MR-Based Molecular Imaging of the Brain: The Next Frontier.
SUMMARY: In the foreseeable future, the MI field could greatly assist neuroradiologists. Reporter molecules provide information on specific molecular or cellular events that could not only aid diagnosis but potentially differentiate stages of disorders and treatments. To accomplish this, reporter molecules literally need to pass a barrier, the BBB, which is designed to repel nonessential molecules from the brain. Although this is not a trivial task, several transport systems could be tricked into guiding mo...
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: CAS or CEA for asymptomatic carotid stenosis is the focus of recently completed and ongoing randomized clinical trials. These techniques are widely utilized outside the setting of such trials. Therefore, our goal was to analyze the in-hospital stroke or death rates after CAS or CEA for asymptomatic stenosis that reflect current nationwide practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using sample-weighted ANOVA, we analyzed records from the 2006 and 2007 NIS, which are nationally representative c...
SUMMARY: IgG4-related IPTs have been reported in various sites and may form part of the spectrum of systemic IgG4-related sclerosing disease. Some pseudotumors are clinically and radiologically indistinguishable from malignant tumors. We present the first case of an IgG4-related IPT of the trigeminal nerve diagnosed histopathologically without involvement of any of the common sites. The trigeminal nerve pseudotumor may represent a component of IgG4-related sclerosing disease.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: GM is typically affected in HD since the presymptomatic stage. Our aim was to investigate with MT MR imaging the microstructural changes of the residual brain subcortical and cortical GM in carriers of the HD gene and to preliminarily assess their correlation with the clinical features. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen HD gene carriers with a range of clinical severity and 15 age- and sex-matched healthy controls underwent MT MR imaging on a 1.5T scanner. The MT ratio was measured auto...
SUMMARY: The goal of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of A1 occlusion at the level of wide necked A1 aneurysms, where there are bilateral patent A1 segments and a patent AcomA. Between 2000 and 2010, 9 patients with wide necked A1 aneurysms were treated by coiling of the aneurysm along with parent vessel occlusion. All aneurysms had a wide neck (>/=4mm). None were treated in the acute phase of a subarachnoid hemorrhage. Three small infarcts were noted on routine post-treatment head CT...
Long-Term Outcome in the Repair of Spinal Cord Perimedullary Arteriovenous Fistulas.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The natural history of PMAVFs, also known as type IV spinal cord AVFs, is incompletely understood. Both open surgical and endovascular approaches have been described as treatment modalities for this disease. The goal of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcome of patients with PMAVFs treated at a single tertiary care institution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of 32 patients with PMAVFs, evaluated between 1983 and 2009. Data were gathered by reviewi...
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: SWI is a new MR imaging method that maximizes sensitivity to magnetic susceptibility effects with phase information for visualizing small cerebral veins. The purpose of this study was to report the use of SWI in combination with DSC in examining related RCVD in patients with intracranial DAVFs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten patients with angiographically confirmed DAVFs with RCVD underwent conventional MR imaging, SWI, and DSC. The ability of SWI to depict dilated cerebral veins was eva...
Maintenance of Certification: Where We Are, Why We Are Here, and Where We Need to Be.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: At diagnosis, the primary clinical manifestations of pediatric Moyamoya disease are TIA or CSs. CSs are reported to be more prevalent in younger than in older children. We sought to determine whether age-related differences in clinical manifestations are associated with age-related angiographic differences. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We divided 78 patients diagnosed with Moyamoya disease before 16 years of age into four 4-year age groups and examined the relationships between age at diag...
SUMMARY: We evaluated the DTI changes in the deep gray nuclei and dorsal brain stem, which demonstrated abnormal T2 and/or diffusion signal intensity, in 6 patients with infantile spasm treated with vigabatrin compared with 6 age-matched controls. Regions of interest were placed in the globi pallidi, thalami, and dorsal brain stem; FA, trace, D( ||), and D( perpendicular) were measured. Patients on vigabatrin had significantly lower FA in both globi pallidi (P = .01) and the dorsal brain stem (P < .01), sig...
MR Spectroscopy Findings in Early Stages of Motor Neuron Disease.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Upper motor neuron degeneration varies in different phenotypes of MND. We used single-voxel MR spectroscopy of the primary motor cortex to detect corticomotoneuron degeneration and glial hyperactivity in different phenotypes of MND with a relatively short disease duration, contributing to further delineation of the phenotypes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We prospectively included patients with ALS-B, ALS-L, and PMA and compared their data with those of patients with PLS and healthy contro...
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: MR imaging has been used extensively for identification and determination of chronicity of VCF. A major emphasis is placed on identification of edema or fluid clefts within the vertebral body. Little attention is given to other spinal structures such as vertebral endplate, intervertebral disk, posterior elements, and facet joints, spinal ligaments, and paraspinal musculature. Our objective was to assess the incidence of vertebral endplate and adjacent-level intervertebral disk injury...
CT-Guided Cervical Selective Nerve Root Block with a Dorsal Approach.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cervical transforaminal blocks are frequently performed to treat cervical radicular pain. These blocks are performed mostly under fluoroscopy, but a CT-guided technique has also been described. The aim of this study was to review the results of CT-guided CSNRB by using a dorsal approach, to describe the contrast patterns achieved with this injection technique, and to estimate the degree of specificity and sensitivity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We used a CT-guided technique with a dorsal...
Functional MR Imaging in Patients with Carotid Artery Stenosis before and after Revascularization.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Significant extracranial stenosis of the ICA is a known risk factor for future stroke and it has been shown that revascularization reduces the risk of future stroke. We applied BOLD fMRI in patients with carotid artery stenosis before and after CEA. Our purpose was to determine whether fMRI is able to demonstrate impaired CVR and to identify patient parameters that are associated with postoperative changes of cerebral hemodynamics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nineteen consecutive patients...
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: High recanalization rates achieved with endovascular procedures are not always followed by the expected clinical improvement. These time-consuming procedures imply a delayed reperfusion despite the capacity of earlier intravascular microcatheter bypass to the ischemic tissue beyond the clot. We aimed to explore the safety and feasibility of MOB beyond the clot. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied patients with stroke undergoing endovascular procedures. The timing of procedural steps wa...
Cervical and Intracranial Arterial Anomalies in 70 Patients with PHACE Syndrome.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cerebral and cervical arterial abnormalities are the most common non-cutaneous anomaly in PHACE syndrome, but the location and type of arterial lesions that occur have not been systematically assessed in a large cohort. Our aim was to characterize the phenotypic spectrum of arteriopathy, assess the frequency with which different arteries are involved, and evaluate spatial relationships between arteriopathy, brain structural lesions, and hemangiomas in PHACE syndrome. MATERIALS AND ME...
Don't You Call Me Desiccated, J. Wellington Wimpy.
Effect of a Prescan Patient-Radiologist Encounter on Functional MR Image Quality.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: A substantial number of clinical fMRI examinations inadequately assess language localization or lateralization, usually due to patient movement and suboptimal participation. We hypothesized that a prescan interview of the patient by the radiologist would reduce the fraction of nondiagnostic scans. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A single noise score for each acquisition was produced from time-series data on the basis of a weighted sum of 22 factors. Scores were recorded as the following quart...
Improvement in Angiographic Cerebral Vasospasm after Intra-Arterial Verapamil Administration.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Endovascular options for therapy for patients with vasospasm after SAH include angioplasty and intra-arterial vasodilator infusion. Preliminary studies of the effects of the calcium channel antagonist verapamil on angiographic vasospasm have yielded mixed and/or qualitative results. In this study, improvement in angiographic vasospasm after intra-arterial verapamil administration is demonstrated with quantitative, blinded methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective observation...
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Depression occurs frequently in PD; however the neural basis of depression in PD remains unclear. The aim of this study was to characterize possible depression-related white matter microstructural changes in the thalamus of patients with DPD compared with those with NDPD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: FA and MD maps from DTI were obtained in 14 patients with DPD and 18 patients with NDPD. Region-of-interest-guided VBA was conducted on the FA maps to detect possible microstructural differenc...
HydroCoils, Occlusion Rates, and Outcomes: A Large Single-Center Study.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The HydroCoil is an expansile hydrogel coil designed to produce a greater degree of volumetric packing within cerebral aneurysms when compared with bare platinum coils. This increased packing is, in turn, believed to decrease the risk of recurrence within aneurysms and hence the risk of their rupture in the long term. The aim of this work was to assess whether the use of HydroCoils and the proportion of HydroCoil used have any influence on the subsequent occlusion and recurrence rate...
