PubMed Journal Database | Acta biomaterialia 
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Showing PubMed Articles 1–25 of 67 from Acta biomaterialia
Hydrophobic Nanopillars Initiate Mesenchymal Stem Cell Aggregation and Osteo-Differentiation.
Surface engineering approaches that alter the physical topography of a substrate could be used as an effective tool and as an alternative to biochemical means of directing stem cell interactions and their subsequent differentiation. Here within we compare hydrophobic micro- vs. nanopillar type fabrication techniques for probing mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) interaction with the surface physical environment. The roles played by the topography of the nanopillar in particular influenced MSC growth and allowed fo...
Predicting Microstructure Development During Casting of Drug Eluting Coatings.
We have devised a novel diffuse interface formulation to model the development of chemical and physical inhomogeneities, i.e. microstructure, during the process of casting drug eluting coatings. These inhomogeneities, which depend on the coating constituents and manufacturing conditions, can have a profound affect on the rate and extent of drug release and, therefore, the ability of coated medical devices to function successfully. By deriving the model equations in a time-dependent reference frame, we find...
Alginate-PEGAc: A new mucoadhesive polymer.
We have synthesized a novel mucoadhesive polymer, alginate-polyethylenglycol acrylate (alginate-PEGAc), in which an alginate backbone carries acrylated polyethylenglycol. Such a polymer combines the strength, simplicity, and gelation ability of alginate with the mucoadhesion properties arising from the PEG's characteristics and the acrylate functionality. The strong bonding to the mucus results from a combination of the PEG's ability to interpenetrate the mucus surface and a Michael type addition reaction b...
Low temperature degradation of a Y-TZP dental ceramic.
Bars of Y-TZP ceramic for dental restorations were subjected to hydrothermal degradation via in-vitro exposure to water steam at 140°C for 7 days. XRD, AFM and SEM techniques were applied to observe and quantify the tetragonal-monoclinic (t-m) phase transformation associated with the process. Nanoindentation was used to assess the ceramic's mechanical properties before and after hydrothermal degradation. Texture associated with martensitic t-m transformation was observed at the grains surface. The t-m tran...
Study of a novel ultrasonically triggered drug vehicle with magnetic resonance properties.
We developed a novel ultrasonically triggered drug vehicle with magnetic resonance (MR) properties by encapsulating superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles in hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated liposomes. The effects of HA coating on the background leakage, ultrasound response, and MR signal were investigated. HA coating of liposomes significantly reduced the background leakage of liposome. It also enhanced their sensitivity to ultrasound regardless of HA thickness or ultrasound frequency, even under soni...
In this study, we report fabrication of compositionally graded HA coatings on Ti by combining Laser Engineering Net Shaping (LENS™) and radio frequency (RF) induction plasma spraying processes. Initially, HA powder was embedded into the Ti substrates using LENS™ forming a Ti-HA composite layer. Later, RF induction plasma spraying was used to deposit HA on these Ti substrates with Ti-HA composite layer on top. Phase analysis by X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated phase transformation of HA to β-tricalcium...
Combination of a bisphosphonate (BP) anti-osteoporotic drug, alendronate, with an apatitic calcium phosphate cement does not significantly affect the main properties of the biomaterial, in terms of injectability and setting time, provided that the BP is introduced as chemisorbed onto calcium deficient apatite, one of the component of the cement. Contrary to the case of other modes for introducing the BP in the cement formulation, this route allows to minimize the alendronate release in the cement paste, thu...
The in vitro cytocompatibility of silicate (Laponite clay) cross-linked poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) nanocomposite films using MC3T 3-E1 mouse pre-osteoblast cells was investigated while cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation and mineralization were assessed as a function of film composition. By combining the advantageous characteristics of PEO polymer (hydrophilic, prevents protein and cell adhesion) with those of a synthetic and layered silicate (charged, degradable and potentially bioactive) some of the...
Tilapia fish scale type I atelocollagen hydrogels with aligned fibril structures were fabricated under a strong magnetic field of 6 or 12 tesla using two different methods. In the first method, a solution of acid-soluble collagen was neutralizing with phosphate buffer saline and maintained in the magnetic field at 28 (o)C for 3 hours. Under these conditions fibrogenesis occurs and a hydrogel is formed. The hydrogel was subsequently crosslinked with ethyl-dimethylcarbodiimido (EDC). In second method, the hyd...
Modifying the relative concentrations of fibrinogen and thrombin can control the physical properties of fibrin gels, while the viability of associated cells has been linked to the gel's final network structure. We hypothesized that increasing the gel ionic strength during fabrication through supplementation with sodium chloride (NaCl) would provide an improved approach for tailoring the physical properties of fibrin gels and maintaining the viability and osteogenic potential of entrapped cells. Fibrin gels...
Monocyte-derived macrophages are critical in the host foreign body response to biomaterials and have been studied extensively in various culture conditionsin vitro such as medium supplemented with fetal bovine serum (FBS) or autologous human serum (AHS). Since monocyte maturation into macrophages is highly plastic and may vary considerably depending on the surface, isolation procedures, and in vitro culture conditions, we hypothesize that variations in protein adsorption and serum typewill greatly impact mo...
Long Term Toughness of Photopolymerizable (Meth)Acrylate Networks in Aqueous Environments.
Photopolymerizable (meth)acrylate networks are potentially advantageous biomaterials due to their ability to be formed in situ, fast synthesis rates, and tailorable material properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate how immersion time in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) affects the toughness of photopolymerizable methyl acrylate (MA)-co-methyl methacrylate (MMA)-co-poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) networks containing various concentrations of MA. Stress-strain behavior was determin...
Various approaches have been proposed for overcoming unpleasant side effects associated with antibiotics treatment for Helicobacter pylori. The limited effectiveness of such approaches has forced researchers to consider alternative strategies for eliminating H. pylori infection. The plant alkyloid berberine is known to significantly reduce proliferation of H. pylori. To localize berberine to the H. pylori infection site, this study developed a novel nanoparticle berberine carrier shelled with heparin. Analy...
Development of successful formulations for poorly water-soluble drugs remains a longstanding critical and challenging issue in cancer therapy. A beta-CD functionalized hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG) as a potential water-insoluble drug carrier was prepared. The HPG-g-CD molecules could self-assemble into multimolecular spherical micelles in water, the size of which ranged from 200-300 nm with good dispersity. The high loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency of paclitaxel, as a model, were obtained an...
Hydroxyapatite (HAp)/biodegradable poly((L)-lactide-co-epsilon-caprolactone) (P(LA/CL)) composite microparticles were fabricated as an injectable scaffold via the Pickering emulsion route in the absence of any molecular surfactants. A stable oil-in-water emulsion was obtained using water-dispersed HAp nanocrystals as a particulate emulsifier and a dichloromethane (CH(2)Cl(2)) solution of P(LA/CL) as an oil phase. The concentration-viscosity relationship of the P(LA/CL) solution and its influence on the form...
Scaffolds of 13-93 bioactive glass (composition 6Na(2)O, 8K(2)O, 8MgO, 22CaO, 2P(2)O(5), 54SiO(2); mol %), containing oriented pores with controllable diameter, were prepared by unidirectional freezing of camphene-based suspensions (10 vol% particles) on a cold substrate (-196 degrees C or 3 degrees C). By varying the annealing time (0-72 h) to coarsen the camphene phase, constructs with the same porosity (86 +/- 1%) but with controllable pore diameters (15-160 mum) were obtained after sublimation of the ca...
Development of new biomaterials is a constant in Regenerative Medicine. Biomaterials surface properties, such as wettability, roughness, surface energy, surface charge, chemical functionalities and composition, are determinants for the cell and subsequent tissue behavior. Thus, the main aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between changes in wettability without topographical variations and the response of osteoblast-like cells. For this purpose, oxidized silicon surfaces were methylated to diffe...
It is known that adsorbed adhesive proteins on implanted biomaterials modulate inflammatory responses, however, modulation of dendritic cells (DCs) upon interaction with adhesive proteins has only begun to be characterized. Dendritic cells are specialized antigen presenting cells that modulate both innate and adaptive immune responses. Previously, we have shown that the activation and stimulatory capacity of DCs derived from C57BL6/j mice is differentially modulated by adhesive substrates. Here we extend in...
The objective of this study was to evaluate the coupled effects of 3D POC scaffold pore shape and permeability on chondrogenesis using primary chondrocytes in vivo. Chondrogenesis was characterized by cartilage matrix formation via sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) quantification, relative mRNA expressions of cartilage related proteins type 1, 2, 10 collagens, aggrecan, and matrix metalloproteinase 13 & 3 (MMP13, MMP3), and tissue/scaffold construct compressive mechanical properties. The low permeable desig...
Previous research on the feasibility of using biodegradable magnesium alloys for bone implant applications mainly focused on biocompatibility and corrosion resistance. However, successful clinical employment of endosseous implants is largely dependent on biological fixation and anchorage in host bone to withstand functional loading. In the present study, we therefore aimed to investigate whether bone-implant interface strength and osseointegration of a novel biodegradable magnesium alloy (Mg-Y-Nd-HRE, based...
While designing poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels with high moduli suitable for in situ placement is attractive for cartilage regeneration, the impact of a tighter crosslinked structure on the organization and deposition of matrix is not fully understood. The objectives for this study were to characterize the composition and spatial organization of neo-matrix as a function of gel crosslinking and study its impact on chondrocytes via anabolic and catabolic gene expressions and catabolic activity. Bovine articu...
Recently, ligament-to-bone (LTB) junction has been emphasized for the effective transmission of mechanical force and the reduction of stress concentration between soft ligament and hard bone tissue. The aim of this study was to regenerate integrated LTB interface by inoculating LTB-relevant cells, isolated from fibrocartilage (FC) or ligament (LIG), separately in each designated region on a single porous cylindrical PLCL scaffold. An injectable, heparin-based hydrogel that was proven to be effective in cult...
A periodontal membrane with a graded structure allows tailoring of the layer properties to design a material system that will retain its physical, chemical and mechanical characteristics for a period long enough to optimize periodontal regeneration. In this work, a novel functionally graded membrane (FGM) was designed and fabricated via sequential multilayer electrospinning. The FGM consists of a core-layer (CL) and two functional surface-layers (SL) interfacing bone (nano-hydroxyapatite, n-HAp) and epithel...
The field of tissue engineering is severely limited by the lack of microvascularization in tissue engineered constructs. Biomimetic poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels containing covalently immobilized platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) were developed to promote angiogenesis. Poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels resist protein absorption and subsequent nonspecific cell adhesion, thus providing a "blank slate," which can be modified through the incorporation of cell adhesive ligands and growth factors. PDGF-...
Epithelial cell adhesion molecule targeted nutlin-3a loaded immunonanoparticles for cancer therapy.
Recently much attention was given to the anticancer drug nutlin-3a, an antagonist of murine double minute 2 (MDM2) that actively inhibits p53-MDM2 interaction. Reactivating p53 function by nutlin-3a, thus provides a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cancer. Though, nutlin-3a seems a potential candidate in restoring p53 activity, it has many lacunae like toxicity, poor bioavailability, nonspecific delivery, and most importantly it is a substrate of multidrug resistance protein. The objectiv...
