PubMed Journal Database | Annals of nuclear medicine 
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Showing PubMed Articles 1–25 of 178 from Annals of nuclear medicine
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to measure the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value at the region with the highest FDG uptake using sequential (18)F-FDG PET and MRI, and to correlate it with the histological grade of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on 75 untreated patients with IDC. First, a PET/CT scan and subsequent breast MRI were done and the SUVmax of the each breast tumor was recorded. Then, a PET image and ADC map were co-register...
OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study is to improve the spatial resolution of SPECT images acquired with a fan-beam collimator. METHODS: The aperture angle of a hole in the fan-beam collimator depends on the position of the collimator. To correct the aperture effect in an iterative image reconstruction, an asymmetrically trimmed Gaussian weight was used for a model. To confirm the validity of our method, point source phantoms and brain phantom were used in the simulation, and we applied the method to the clinica...
SPECT/CT of lung nodules using (111)In-DOTA-c(RGDfK) in a mouse lung carcinogenesis model.
OBJECTIVE: Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide, including Japan. Although computed tomography (CT) can detect small lung lesions such as those appearing as ground glass opacity, it cannot differentiate between malignant and non-malignant lesions. Previously, we have shown that single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging using (111)In-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N'',N'''-tetraacetic acid-cyclo-(Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe-Lys) (DOTA-c(RGDfK)), an imaging p...
PURPOSE: This study aimed at demonstrating the feasibility of retrospectively fused (18)F FDG-PET and MRI (PET/MRI fusion image) in diagnosing pancreatic tumor, in particular differentiating malignant tumor from benign lesions. In addition, we evaluated additional findings characterizing pancreatic lesions by FDG-PET/MRI fusion image. METHODS: We analyzed retrospectively 119 patients: 96 cancers and 23 benign lesions. FDG-PET/MRI fusion images (PET/T1 WI or PET/T2WI) were made by dedicated software using 1...
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to clarify the difference between the morphological and perfusion changes occurring with the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS: The study focused on 37 patients who were clinically diagnosed with AD and were examined by both MRI and perfusion SPECT twice during a 1- to 2-year clinical observation period. Twenty-four of the 37 patients showed a progression of cognitive deterioration during the 1.2(±0.4)-year period of clinical observation (rapidly progress...
Imaging P-glycoprotein function in rats using (11)C-N-desmethyl-loperamide.
OBJECTIVE: One mechanism that may be responsible for drug resistance in epilepsy is the upregulation of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a drug efflux pump, at the epileptogenic focus. In this study, we sought to evaluate the potential of a recently developed P-gp PET radiotracer, [(11)C]N-desmethyl-loperamide ([(11)C]dLop), for measuring P-gp function in the rat brain. METHODS: The precursor to [(11)C]dLop was synthesized in two steps from commercially available starting materials and subsequently radiolabeled in on...
Hybrid imaging, such as SPECT/CT, is used in routine clinical practice, allowing coregistered images of the functional and structural information provided by the two imaging modalities. However, this multimodality imaging may mean that patients are exposed to a higher radiation dose than those receiving SPECT alone. OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to determine the radiation exposure of patients who had undergone SPECT/CT examinations and to relate this to the Background Equivalent Radiation Time (BERT). METHODS...
AIM: The purpose of the study was to determine the lung toxicity caused by amiodarone (AD) and bleomycin (BLM) in rats, by means of Tc-99m HMPAO lung scintigraphy. METHODS: Thirty albino rats were randomly divided into five groups. After AD or BLM was dissolved with isotonic saline (SF), a 0.5 ml solution was applied to the right bronchus via a catheter. Group 1 (n = 5 rats) received a single dose of AD, group 2 (n = 5) received two doses of AD, group 3 (n = 9) received BLM, group 4 (n = 3) receive...
A brief review of Japanese guidelines for the clinical use of (18)F-FDG-PET/MRI 2012 (Ver 1.0).
This is a brief review of Japanese FDG-PET/MRI guidelines for indications, procedures, cautions for the interpretation of images, and safety management, which were created by a joint task force of the Japanese Radiologic Society, Japanese Society of Nuclear Medicine, and Japanese Society of Magnetic Resonance Imaging. The guidelines aim at the appropriate and effective use of the newly developed PET/MRI modality.
OBJECTIVE: Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase (EGFR-TK) represents an attractive target for tumor diagnosis agents. Previously, radioiodinated 4-(3-iodophenoxy)-6,7-diethoxyquinazoline (PHY) was reported to possess good characteristics as a tumor imaging agent. We have explored the feasibility of developing tumor diagnosis ligands superior to radioiodinated PHY. METHODS: New phenoxyquinazoline derivatives were designed with various side chains introduced to the 6th position of PHY. The IC50 va...
BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study is to quantify the degree of the error as a function of the left ventricular (LV) wall thickness, in calculation of the ejection fraction (EF) using gated single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The essential error of quantitative gated SPECT (QGS) software in patients with myocardial hypertrophy has not been quantitatively estimated. METHODS: Forty-six patients with known or suspected hypertrophic cardiomyopathy underwent gated myocardial perfusion SPECT...
OBJECTIVE: To determine the optimal accumulation time for three-dimensional positron emission tomography (3D-PET) with (18)F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ((18)F-FDG) to detect the brain uptake pattern typical of Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS: Patients with mild AD or amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and normal control subjects were recruited in the Japanese Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative and examined with a PET scan during the 30-60 min after FDG injection. Three independent blinded...
Imaging quality of F-18-FDG PET/CT in the inpatient versus outpatient setting.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to investigate potential differences in the image quality of inpatient versus outpatient F-18-FDG PET/CT to provide evidence for appropriate policies and procedures to be promulgated on inpatient referrals. METHODS: 100 consecutive inpatient and 100 outpatient F-18-FDG PET/CT scans were compared from the same time period and PET/CT scanner. Each study was evaluated for a subjective overall rating (optimal vs. suboptimal), and also by objective measurements (SUVmean) i...
Therapeutic efficacy of 188Re-MN-16ET lipiodol in an animal model of hepatocellular carcinoma.
OBJECTIVE: In our recent study, we developed a new radiopharmaceutical (Re-188 MN-16ET lipiodol) with encouraging results for the treatment of liver malignancy. In this study, we further evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of this radiopharmaceutical by measuring tumor response and survival times in rats with liver tumors after intra-hepatic arterial injection of Re-188 MN-16ET lipiodol. METHODS: Twelve male rats bearing hepatic tumors were divided into three groups. Group 1 received an intra-hepatic arteria...
OBJECTIVE: Metastases and benign conditions of spine are common, however, the diagnoses of imaging modalities in the nature of spinal lesions are difficult, especially for the solitary lesions in spine. This study aims to retrospectively evaluate the diagnostic value of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/spiral computed tomography (CT) in assessing indeterminate spinal solitary lesion of patients without certain medical history of malignancies. METHODS: A total of 48 patients (28 male, 20 fe...
Cardiac sympathetic denervation is not related to nigrostriatal degeneration in Parkinson's disease.
AIM: The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship between myocardial sympathetic degeneration and nigrostriatal impairment in patients affected by Parkinson's disease (PD) by means of (123)I-metaiodobenzylguanidine ((123)I MIBG) scintigraphy and N-(3-fluoropropyl)-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-[(123)I]iodophenyl)nortropane ((123)I FP-CIT) scintigraphy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study involved 37 patients with clinical diagnosis of PD (22 males and 15 females, mean age 62 years (±10), evaluated with...
OBJECTIVES: Radioiodine (RAI) is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism and differentiated thyroid cancer. Radioiodine therapy is associated with dry eyes and some side effects are seen especially due to beta rays. In this study, the functional and cytological status of lacrimal glands after RAI therapy was evaluated. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with a mean age of 55.16 years with planned low-dose RAI therapy were evaluated. Just before and 6 months after the treatment, the lacrimal glands were evalua...
Assessment of atherosclerosis in oncologic patients using (18)F-fluoride PET/CT.
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, distribution, and relationship of (18)F-fluoride uptake and arterial calcification in oncologic patients using (18)F-fluoride PET/CT. METHODS: Image data obtained from 29 oncologic patients undergoing whole-body (18)F-fluoride PET/CT were evaluated retrospectively. Arterial wall (18)F-fluoride uptake and calcification were analyzed both quantitatively and semiquantitatively in 8 patients with arterial (18)F-fluoride uptake. RESULTS: Arter...
Usefulness of scintigraphy to predict electrical storms in severe idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy.
BACKGROUND: Although several predictors of an electrical storm (ES) are indicated in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM), whether the severity of the myocardial tissue damage (SMTD) evaluated by myocardial perfusion SPECT (MPS) has an association with an ES remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the clinical significance of SMTD for the prediction of ES in IDCM patients with an ICD. METHODS: Thirty-seven (27 men, mean age 58 ± 15 years) IDCM patients receiving ICD...
OBJECTIVE: We investigated the whole-body biodistributions and radiation dosimetry of five (11)C-labeled and one (18)F-labeled radiotracers in human subjects, and compared the results to those obtained from murine biodistribution studies. METHODS: The radiotracers investigated were (11)C-SA4503, (11)C-MPDX, (11)C-TMSX, (11)C-CHIBA-1001, (11)C-4DST, and (18)F-FBPA. Dynamic whole-body positron emission tomography (PET) was performed in three human subjects after a single bolus injection of each radiotracer. E...
PURPOSE: The goal of this study is to assess how reliable the threshold maximum standardized uptake value (maxSUV) of 2.5 on positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) is for evaluation of solitary pulmonary lesions in an area of endemic granulomatous disease and to consider other imaging findings that may increase the accuracy of PET/CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The staging PET/CT of 72 subjects with solitary pulmonary lesions (nodules (less than 3 cm) or masses (greater than 3 cm)) were ret...
Symptomatic late-onset sialadenitis after radioiodine therapy in thyroid cancer.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to document the subjective and objective findings of symptomatic late-onset sialadenitis after radioiodine therapy in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. METHODS: Subjective symptoms related to sialadenitis and Tc-99m pertechnetate salivary gland scintigram findings were assessed in 118 patients (26 males, 92 females) both before and during the late phase (mean 338 days) after the administration of radioiodine. RESULTS: Twelve of the 118 patients (10.2 %) comp...
OBJECTIVE: Previously, a promising [Formula: see text]-emitting praseodymium-142 glass seed was proposed for brachytherapy of prostate cancer. In accordance with the previous study, a (142)Pr capillary tube-based radioactive implant (CTRI) was suggested as a source with a new structure to enhance application of [Formula: see text]-emitting radioisotopes such as (142)Pr in brachytherapy. METHODS: Praseodymium oxide powder was encapsulated in a glass capillary tube. Then, a thin and flexible fluorinated ethyl...
OBJECTIVE: To improve the reliability and convenience of the calibration procedure of positron emission tomography (PET) scanners, we have been developing a novel calibration path based on traceable point-like sources. When using (22)Na sources, special care should be taken to avoid the effects of 1.275-MeV γ rays accompanying β (+) decays. The purpose of this study is to validate this new calibration scheme with traceable point-like (22)Na sources on various types of PET scanners. METHOD: Traceable point...
OBJECTIVE: Subject head motion during sequential (15)O positron emission tomography (PET) scans can result in artifacts in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and oxygen metabolism maps. However, to our knowledge, there are no systematic studies examining this issue. Herein, we investigated the effect of head motion on quantification of CBF and oxygen metabolism, and proposed an image-based motion correction method dedicated to (15)O PET study, correcting for transmission-emission mismatch and inter-scan mismatch of...
