Insulin Sensitizers on Mitochondrial ATP Production and Mitochondrial ATP Production and Mitochondrial Protein Synthesis on Insulin Resistant Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity
Summary
An association between insulin resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction has been observed in aging, T2D, and in offspring of patients with T2D. It remains to be determined whether pharmacological agents that enhance insulin sensitivity improve muscle mitochondrial function. If these insulin sensitizers improve muscle mitochondrial functions, there are potential therapeutic opportunities to use these drugs to improve mitochondrial dysfunction such as sarcopenia of aging or obesity. Our previous studies demonstrated that insulin stimulates muscle mitochondrial PS and ATP production. It is therefore likely that increasing insulin action stimulates mitochondrial PS and ATP production. If so, these results argue against mitochondrial dysfunction as a cause for insulin resistance. The secondary measurements will demonstrate the underlying mechanism ? whether changes occur at the level of intracellular signaling, transcription or translation. Furthermore, changes in hepatic fat infiltration and endogenous glucose release will be assessed.
Study Design
Allocation: Randomized, Control: Placebo Control, Endpoint Classification: Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment, Masking: Double Blind (Subject, Caregiver), Primary Purpose: Treatment
Conditions
Type 2 Diabetes
Intervention
metformin, pioglitazone
Location
Mayo Clinic
Rochester
Minnesota
United States
55905
Status
Recruiting
Source
Mayo Clinic
Results (where available)
Links
- Source: http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00443755
- Information obtained from ClinicalTrials.gov on July 15, 2010
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Metformin
A biguanide hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. Metformin improves glycemic control by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p289)
Prediabetic State
The time period before the development of symptomatic diabetes. For example, certain risk factors can be observed in subjects who subsequently develop INSULIN RESISTANCE as in type 2 diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.
Hyperlipoproteinemia Type V
A severe type of hyperlipidemia, sometimes familial, that it is characterized by the elevation of both plasma CHYLOMICRONS and TRIGLYCERIDES contained in VERY-LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS. Type V hyperlipoproteinemia is often associated with DIABETES MELLITUS and is not caused by reduced LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE activity as in HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA TYPE I .
Polyuria
Urination of a large volume of urine with an increase in urinary frequency, commonly seen in diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETES INSIPIDUS).
Clinical Trials
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PubMed Articles
Pioglitazone for Diabetes Prevention.
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Pioglitazone for Diabetes Prevention.
To the Editor: DeFronzo and colleagues (March 24 issue)(1) reported that pioglitazone reduced the conversion from a condition of impaired glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes. However, the results sho...
Pioglitazone for Diabetes Prevention.
To the Editor: DeFronzo and colleagues (March 24 issue)(1) reported that pioglitazone reduced the conversion from a condition of impaired glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes. However, the results sho...
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