Ketamine and Postoperative Analgesia in Children
Summary
The benefit of small doses of ketamine has been demonstrated for postoperative analgesia in adults but remains unproved in children. The investigators' purpose is to evaluate the effects of continuous intravenous small doses of ketamine versus placebo to improve the quality of postoperative analgesia in children (6 months to 6 years of age). Caudal anesthesia is performed for intraoperative analgesia and all children receive paracetamol, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and continuous intravenous nalbuphine.
Study Design
Allocation: Randomized, Control: Placebo Control, Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment, Masking: Single Blind
Conditions
Postoperative Analgesia
Intervention
ketamine
Location
Nantes University Hospital
Nantes
France
44093
Status
Recruiting
Source
Nantes University Hospital
Results (where available)
Links
- Source: http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00200564
- Information obtained from ClinicalTrials.gov on July 15, 2010
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Ketamine
A cyclohexanone derivative used for induction of anesthesia. Its mechanism of action is not well understood, but ketamine can block NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and may interact with sigma receptors.
Ketorolac Tromethamine
A pyrrolizine carboxylic acid derivative structurally related to INDOMETHACIN. It is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent used for analgesia for postoperative pain and inhibits cyclooxygenase activity.
Phencyclidine
A hallucinogen formerly used as a veterinary anesthetic, and briefly as a general anesthetic for humans. Phencyclidine is similar to KETAMINE in structure and in many of its effects. Like ketamine, it can produce a dissociative state. It exerts its pharmacological action through inhibition of NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE). As a drug of abuse, it is known as PCP and Angel Dust.
Acupuncture Analgesia
Analgesia produced by the insertion of ACUPUNCTURE needles at certain ACUPUNCTURE POINTS on the body. This activates small myelinated nerve fibers in the muscle which transmit impulses to the spinal cord and then activate three centers - the spinal cord, midbrain and pituitary/hypothalamus - to produce analgesia.
Analgesia, Patient-controlled
Relief of PAIN, without loss of CONSCIOUSNESS, through ANALGESIC AGENTS administered by the patients. It has been used successfully to control POSTOPERATIVE PAIN, during OBSTETRIC LABOR, after BURNS, and in TERMINAL CARE. The choice of agent, dose, and lockout interval greatly influence effectiveness. The potential for overdose can be minimized by combining small bolus doses with a mandatory interval between successive doses (lockout interval).
Clinical Trials
Preemptive analgesia can improve postoperative pain management. Ketamine may prevent central sensitization during surgery and result in preemptive analgesia. The purpose of this study is t...
Escalating Ketamine Doses and Pre-emption
Ketamine affects postoperative pain when administered intravenously immediately before, during or at the end of surgical procedures. We assessed the effects of multiple and escalating dose...
Thoracotomy for lung resection is deemed painful. Ketamine is now a renewed interest in preventing acute postoperative pain. A previous study performed in the service testing the associati...
This clinical trial will determine if postoperative patients who have postoperative pain, which has been refractory to morphine administration, will have improved pain relief following a b...
Since VAT bears with it severe postopearive pain, and since ketamine has been shown to be an optimal analgesics adjuvant for postoperative pain, we wish to assess to effects of ketamie vs....
PubMed Articles
Objective-To determine the analgesic and systemic effects of thoracic epidural administration of ketamine, lidocaine, or both in conscious dogs. Animals-6 adult mixed-breed dogs. Procedures-Each d...
Objective: To evaluate the effect of ketamine, as an adjunct to fentanyl, on postoperative analgesia and duration of Postoperative Care Unit (PACU) stay, in children undergoing tonsillectomy. Backg...
BACKGROUND: Wound infiltration with ketamine reduces postoperative pain after tonsillectomy by NMDA receptor blockade and local anesthetic effect. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the postoperative analgesia a...
A systematic review of intravenous ketamine for postoperative analgesia.
PURPOSE: Perioperative intravenous ketamine may be a useful addition in pain management regimens. Previous systematic reviews have included all methods of ketamine administration, and heterogeneity be...
The Effect of Ketamine Anesthesia on the Immune Function of Mice with Postoperative Septicemia.
Background: It is unknown how ketamine anesthesia immunologically affects the outcome of patients with postoperative septicemia. We investigated the effects of ketamine anesthesia on mice with an Esch...
