Effect of Gemfibrozil on Serum Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) Phospholipase D and Triglycerides
Summary
The purpose of this study is to examine the role of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase D (GPI-PLD) in triglyceride metabolism.
Description
Increased fasting serum triglyceride levels are associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease. However, triglyceride levels in the postprandial state are a more sensitive marker of coronary artery disease. Postprandial elevations in triglycerides result from a decrease in the catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, i.e. chylomicrons and very low density lipoproteins (VLDL). This leads to an accumulation of atherogenic remnants of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. Although fasting triglycerides are the best predictors of postprandial triglycerides, differences in fasting triglycerides only partially account for the variation in magnitude of postprandial triglycerides. Recently, we have identified a new protein involved in triglyceride-rich lipoprotein catabolism, glycosylphosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase D (GPI-PLD). We have shown that elevated levels of GPI-PLD are associated with increased fasting triglyceride levels. Serum GPI-PLD is associated with high density lipoproteins (HDL) in the fasting state and exchange onto VLDL in the postprandial state. Hepatic GPI-PLD decreases triglyceride-rich lipoprotein catabolism in the liver. Hepatic and serum GPI-PLD levels are decreased by peroxisome proliferator receptor (PPAR) alpha agonist treatment, which also reduces fasting and postprandial triglycerides. The central hypothesis of this application is that variations in GPI-PLD expression account for a portion of the differences in fasting and postprandial triglycerides among humans.
The objective of this proposal is to determine the role of GPI-PLD in regulating fasting triglycerides and post-prandial hypertriglyceridemia in humans. This will be accomplished by conducting a double blind, placebo controlled study in humans examining the effect of gemfibrozil on fasting and postprandial triglycerides in relationship to the variation and changes in GPI-PLD before and after gemfibrozil.
Our specific objectives are:
- 1a) Determine the extent to which variations in GPI-PLD account for differences in fasting and postprandial triglycerides
- 1b) Establish the degree to which the lowering of fasting and postprandial triglycerides by gemfibrozil is accounted for by changes in GPI-PLD.
- 2) Quantify the changes in serum GPI-PLD and distribution of GPI-PLD among lipoproteins in the postprandial state.
This will be the first prospective bench-to-bedside study examining the role of GPI-PLD in triglyceride metabolism. This proposal will be the first in humans examining 1) the role of a novel protein, GPI-PLD, in triglyceride metabolism, and 2) the effect of gemfibrozil, a drug currently used clinically to lower triglyceride levels, on GPI-PLD levels in humans. It is expected that the results from this study will increase our understanding of triglyceride metabolism and develop new information in understanding the regulation of GPI-PLD and its relationship to triglyceride metabolism.
Study Design
Allocation: Randomized, Control: Placebo Control, Endpoint Classification: Pharmacokinetics/Dynamics Study, Intervention Model: Factorial Assignment, Masking: Double-Blind, Primary Purpose: Treatment
Conditions
Hypertriglyceridemia
Intervention
Gemfibrozil
Location
Roudebush VA Medical Center
Indianapolis
Indiana
United States
46202
Status
Completed
Source
Department of Veterans Affairs
Results (where available)
Links
- Source: http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00108511
- Information obtained from ClinicalTrials.gov on July 15, 2010
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Gemfibrozil
A lipid-regulating agent that lowers elevated serum lipids primarily by decreasing serum triglycerides with a variable reduction in total cholesterol. These decreases occur primarily in the VLDL fraction and less frequently in the LDL fraction. Gemfibrozil increases HDL subfractions HDL2 and HDL3 as well as apolipoproteins A-I and A-II. Its mechanism of action has not been definitely established.
Hypertriglyceridemia
A condition of elevated levels of TRIGLYCERIDES in the blood.
Clofibrate
A fibric acid derivative used in the treatment of HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA TYPE III and severe HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p986)
Lipodystrophy, Congenital Generalized
Congenital disorders, usually autosomal recessive, characterized by severe generalized lack of ADIPOSE TISSUE, extreme INSULIN RESISTANCE, and HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA.
Hyperlipoproteinemia Type Iv
A hypertriglyceridemia disorder, often with autosomal dominant inheritance. It is characterized by the persistent elevations of plasma TRIGLYCERIDES, endogenously synthesized and contained predominantly in VERY-LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS (pre-beta lipoproteins). In contrast, the plasma CHOLESTEROL and PHOSPHOLIPIDS usually remain within normal limits.
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PubMed Articles
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Severe hypertriglyceridemia in diabetic ketoacidosis accompanied by acute pancreatitis: case report.
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