Comparison of Subacute and Hospital Based Rehabilitation Care
Summary
The proposed study objective is to compare hospital-based rehabilitative care with transitional subacute rehabilitation for adults recently diagnosed with a disabling disorder. Clinical outcomes, cost and utilization of services will be compared in order to test the hypotheses that medically-stable patients receiving rehabilitation from subacute care facilities will: 1) function as well physically, 2) report less family dysfunction, 3) have better psychological adjustment and well-being than controls who receive only hospital-based inpatient care, and 4) receive services at lower cost. We intend to assess the impact of hospital-based versus subacute care on clinical and cost outcomes at admission, discharge [3 months post-admission] and at 12 months. The first set of analyses will determine predictors of physical function, family function, psychological adjustment and well-being over a 1 year period.
Description
Although subacute transitional care is thought to reduce costs by as much as 60 percent of hospital-based care costs (DHHS, 1995), systematic prospective studies of utilization and cost of services have not been done. An important factor to be considered, particularly in elderly patients, is the cost associated with readmission. Some studies have suggested that cost savings and reduced readmissions are associated with the increased availability of post-discharge services (Ludke, MacDowell, Booth et. al., 1990; Weinberger, Smith, Katz et al., 1988). If such cost savings exist, then transitional subacute care may be an important community-based resource for patients returning to independent living. In addition to demonstrating the clinical efficacy of subacute transitional care, the proposed study will also assess long-term outcomes, taking into account patient resource utilization and the incidence of readmission.
The current study will determine if subacute transitional care can improve outcomes that are important to the broad goals of long term independent living and enhanced quality of life. Variables assessed will focus on physical and family function, adjustment, resource utilization, skilled care placements, and survival. When compared to hospital-based rehabilitation, subacute rehabilitation is expected to demonstrate improvements in physical abilities, family function, adjustment, well being, and survival.
b. Hypothesis. The primary hypothesis is that clinical outcomes will be significantly better for subacute care patients at 3 and 12 months than hospital-based control patients. Costs and resource utilization are hypothesized to be significantly less.
c. Objectives and projected timeline. The objective of this study is to conduct a randomized clinical trial to examine the effects of subacute transitional care compared with hospital-based rehabilitative care for disabled patients. Specific objectives will be to: 1] evaluate the type, magnitude and duration of rehabilitative care provided, 2] determine differences in cost of care provided to the two groups, 3] compare clinical outcomes of the two treatments by assessing the magnitude of change, and 4] compare long-term outcomes at 12 months.
Secondary objectives will be to describe diagnostic or demographic subgroups who may benefit to a greater or lesser extent than others.
Patients will be recruited into the study and followed for 1 year, with measurements occurring at hospital admission, at 3 months, and at 12 months. The time to completion of the study is projected to be 3 years. Recruitment of subjects will begin during the second quarter of the project and will continue for 1.5 years. Follow-up measures will continue for an additional year.
Study Design
Allocation: Randomized, Control: Active Control, Endpoint Classification: Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Factorial Assignment, Masking: Single Blind, Primary Purpose: Treatment
Conditions
Aging
Intervention
Rehabilitation, Subacute care
Location
VA Medical Center
Seattle
Washington
United States
Status
Completed
Source
Department of Veterans Affairs
Results (where available)
Links
- Source: http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00038363
- Information obtained from ClinicalTrials.gov on July 15, 2010
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Subacute Care
Medical and skilled nursing services provided to patients who are not in an acute phase of an illness but who require a level of care higher than that provided in a long-term care setting. (JCAHO, Lexikon, 1994)
Skin Aging
The process of aging due to changes in the structure and elasticity of the skin over time. It may be a part of physiological aging or it may be due to the effects of ultraviolet radiation, usually through exposure to sunlight.
Rehabilitation Nursing
The diagnosis and treatment of human responses of individuals and groups to actual or potential health problems with the characteristics of altered functional ability and altered life-style. (American Nurses Association & Association of Rehabilitation Nurses. Standards of Rehabilitation Nursing Practice, 1986, p.2)
Skilled Nursing Facilities
Extended care facilities which provide skilled nursing care or rehabilitation services for inpatients on a daily basis.
Progressive Patient Care
Organization of medical and nursing care according to the degree of illness and care requirements in the hospital. The elements are intensive care, intermediate care, self-care, long-term care, and organized home care.
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