Chemotherapy in Treating Patients With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Diffuse Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Summary
RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy use different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Combining more than one drug may kill more tumor cells.
PURPOSE: Phase II trial to study the effectiveness of two treatment regimens for patients in developing countries with diffuse non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Description
OBJECTIVES:
- Provide a standard protocol for specific therapy that is relatively easy to administer and relatively inexpensive but conforms to modern treatment principles, and determine whether such therapy can be administered safely and effectively in patients with acute lymphoblastic lymphoma or diffuse non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who live in developing countries.
- Determine the rates of relapse and survival in patients treated with these protocols, and relate this data to disease subtype and clinical presentation in order to obtain a database on which to build future stratagems.
OUTLINE: This is a multicenter study.
Patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia or lymphoblastic lymphoma with any degree of bone marrow involvement are assigned to Protocol MCP-841. Patients with mediastinal or localized lymphoblastic lymphoma (a single nodal or extranodal site) without bone marrow involvement, or other types of diffuse non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with or without bone marrow involvement are assigned to Protocol MCP-842.
Protocol MCP-841:
- First induction therapy: Patients receive daunorubicin (DNR) IV on days 8, 15, and 29; vincristine (VCR) IV on days 1, 8, 15, 22, and 29; asparaginase (ASP) intramuscularly (IM) every other day on days 2-20; oral prednisone (PRED) on days 1-28; and methotrexate (MTX) intrathecally (IT) on days 1, 8, 15, and 22. Second induction therapy: Patients receive oral mercaptopurine (MP) on days 1-7 and 15-21; cyclophosphamide (CTX) IV over 30 minutes on days 1 and 15; MTX IT as in first induction therapy; and cranial irradiation on days 4-14.
- Alternative to second induction (if a cranial irradiation facility is unavailable): Patients receive MP and CTX as in second induction therapy; cytarabine (ARA-C) IV every 12 hours on days 1, 2, 15, 16, 29, and 30; and MTX IT on days 8 and 22.
Patients with low-risk disease (WBC no greater than 10,000/mm3, age 3 to 6 years, no prominent lymphadenopathy (less than 3 cm in diameter in each nodal region), normal CSF, no mediastinal mass, no enlargement of liver or spleen, and no cranial nerve palsies) proceed directly to maintenance therapy. All other patients are considered high risk, and they repeat first induction therapy and then proceed to consolidation therapy.
- Consolidation therapy: Patients receive MP and CTX as in second induction therapy, VCR IV on days 1 and 15, and ARA-C subcutaneously (SC) every 12 hours on days 1-3 and 15-17.
- Maintenance therapy: Patients receive VCR IV on day 1; DNR IV on day 1; oral PRED on days 1-7; ASP IM on days 1, 3, 5, and 7; and oral MTX once weekly and oral MP daily on days 15-35, 43-63, and 71-91. Maintenance therapy continues for a total of 6 courses.
Protocol MCP-842:
- Patients undergo surgical resection of intra-abdominal masses, if feasible. Patients with low-risk disease (completely resected tumor or a single extra-abdominal site of involvement (other than the mediastinum), but without lymphoblastic lymphoma) are assigned to treatment group 2. All other patients, including those with lymphoblastic lymphoma without bone marrow involvement, are considered high risk and they are assigned to treatment group 1.
- Group 1 (high risk): Patients receive one course of regimen A comprising CTX IV over 15 minutes on days 1-4; VCR IV on days 1, 8, and 15; doxorubicin (DOX) IV on days 1 and 2; ARA-C IV over 3 hours every 12 hours on day 1; ARA-C IT on day 4; and MTX IT on days 8 and 12. Patients then receive one course of regimen B comprising ifosfamide IV over 30 minutes on days 1-5, etoposide IV over 1 hour and MTX IV on days 1-3, VCR IV on day 8, ARA-C IT on days 1 and 4, and MTX IT as in regimen A. Patients then receive a second course of regimen A, followed by a second course of regimen B.
- Group 2 (low risk): Patients receive one course of regimen A, followed by one course of regimen B, and then a second course of regimen A. DOX is withheld during both courses of regimen A. IT therapy is withheld during the second course of regimen A.
Patients are followed every 2 months for 1 year (Protocol MCP-841) or at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 months (Protocol MCP-842), every 6 months for 5 years, and then annually thereafter.
PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 4,000 patients will be accrued for this study.
Study Design
Primary Purpose: Treatment
Conditions
Leukemia
Intervention
asparaginase, cyclophosphamide, cytarabine, daunorubicin hydrochloride, doxorubicin hydrochloride, etoposide, ifosfamide, mercaptopurine, methotrexate, prednisone, vincristine sulfate, conventional surgery, radiation therapy
Location
Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center - NCI Clinical Studies Support
Bethesda
Maryland
United States
20892-1182
Status
Active, not recruiting
Source
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Results (where available)
Links
- Source: http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00018954
- Information obtained from ClinicalTrials.gov on July 15, 2010
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Doxorubicin
Antineoplastic antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces peucetius. It is a hydroxy derivative of DAUNORUBICIN.
Tetramethylphenylenediamine
Used in the form of the hydrochloride as a reagent in ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES.
Naphthylvinylpyridine
4(1-Naphthylvinyl)pyridine hydrochloride. Cholinesterase inhibitor. Synonym: YuB 25.
Etoposide
A semisynthetic derivative of PODOPHYLLOTOXIN that exhibits antitumor activity. Etoposide inhibits DNA synthesis by forming a complex with topoisomerase II and DNA. This complex induces breaks in double stranded DNA and prevents repair by topoisomerase II binding. Accumulated breaks in DNA prevent entry into the mitotic phase of cell division, and lead to cell death. Etoposide acts primarily in the G2 and S phases of the cell cycle.
Ambroxol
A metabolite of BROMHEXINE that stimulates mucociliary action and clears the air passages in the respiratory tract. It is usually administered as the hydrochloride.
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