Community Based Study of Adult Onset Asthma
Summary
To identify the role of irritant exposure in adult-onset asthma by simultaneously using both clinical and case control methods in a community-based perspective study of asthma incidence.
Description
BACKGROUND:
Asthma incidence is increasing, and in adults work-related exposures may be an important factor-occupational asthma (OA) incidence increased 70 percent over the last decade according to a recent registry based study. The true contribution of occupational exposures to adult-onset asthma is unknown because the methods for measuring OA give conflicting results. Methods based on surveillance of clinically diagnosed OA account for less than one to five percent of adult-onset asthma. However, case-control methods of measuring asthma risk by industry suggest that six to 33 percent of adult-onset asthma is caused by workplace exposures. The conflict may occur because of two factors: physicians often fail to diagnose and report OA, and irritant exposures may increase the risk the risk of asthma without causing cases that meet the clinical definition. Both factors have important implications for proper treatment and prevention of asthma in adults.
DESIGN NARRATIVE:
Clinical and case control methods were used to identify the role of irritant exposure in adult-onset asthma in a community-based prospective study of asthma incidence. The study cohort was a typical US working population enrolled in an HMO. Additional benefits of the study design were the opportunities to validate a questionnaire for exposure assessment and for detection of work-related asthma. Specifically, the study: 1) Investigated incident cases in a cohort of over 80,000 adults over three years and determined the proportion that met a clinical definition of occupational asthma (OA); 2) Used a nested case-control study to determine the incidence of all asthma by occupation and workplace exposure; 3) Determined whether clinical OA accounted for the excess incidence of adult-onset asthma associated with workplace exposure to sensitizers and irritants; 4) Prospectively followed asthmatics for two years after diagnosis to determine the impact of adult-onset asthma on lung function, employment, income, and quality of life, and to determine whether prognosis differed for clinical OA and for asthma associated with workplace irritant exposure; 5) Tested an intervention designed to increase appropriate clinical diagnosis, and thus secondary prevention of OA.
Study Design
Observational Model: Defined Population, Observational Model: Natural History
Conditions
Asthma
Status
Completed
Source
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Results (where available)
Links
- Source: http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00005544
- Information obtained from ClinicalTrials.gov on July 15, 2010
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Asthma, Exercise-induced
Asthma attacks following a period of exercise. Usually the induced attack is short-lived and regresses spontaneously. The magnitude of postexertional airway obstruction is strongly influenced by the environment in which exercise is performed (i.e. inhalation of cold air during physical exertion markedly augments the severity of the airway obstruction; conversely, warm humid air blunts or abolishes it).
Anti-asthmatic Agents
Drugs that are used to treat asthma.
Orciprenaline
A beta-adrenergic agonist used in the treatment of asthma and bronchospasms.
Tretoquinol
An adrenergic beta-agonist used as a bronchodilator agent in asthma therapy.
Isoetharine
Adrenergic beta-2 agonist used as bronchodilator for emphysema, bronchitis and asthma.
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