Dietary Antioxidants and Atherosclerosis
Summary
To examine the role of dietary antioxidants in the etiology of atherosclerosis in both sexes and in whites and Blacks.
Description
BACKGROUND:
Atherosclerosis is this nation's leading cause of death for males and females, and Blacks and whites. There is mounting evidence that the oxidation of blood low density lipoproteins (LDL) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of this disease. LDL oxidation can be prevented by several dietary antioxidants, in particular, vitamin C, vitamin E, and beta-carotene. There is preliminary evidence that dietary antioxidants may slow the natural history of atherosclerosis in humans. Until now studies in this area have included predominantly white males with symptomatic disease.
DESIGN NARRATIVE:
The case-control study used data collected in ARIC to test the hypothesis that individuals in the lowest quintile of vitamin C, vitamin E and carotenoid consumption were at higher risk of asymptomatic atherosclerosis than those consuming greater amounts. Antioxidant intake was assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire and a diet supplement survey. Cases were those with asymptomatic carotid artery atherosclerosis as determined by B-mode ultrasonography. Controls were those without evidence of carotid artery atherosclerosis. Secondary analyses determined which sex-race subgroups were at particular risk due to low antioxidant consumption.
Study Design
Observational Model: Natural History
Conditions
Atherosclerosis
Status
Completed
Source
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Results (where available)
Links
- Source: http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00005412
- Information obtained from ClinicalTrials.gov on July 15, 2010
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Peripheral Arterial Disease
Lack of perfusion in the EXTREMITIES resulting from atherosclerosis. It is characterized by INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION, and an ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX of 0.9 or less.
Coronary Occlusion
Complete blockage of blood flow through one of the CORONARY ARTERIES, usually from CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS.
Pyridinolcarbamate
A drug that has been given by mouth in the treatment of atherosclerosis and other vascular disorders, hyperlipidemias, and thrombo-embolic disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1408)
Coronary Aneurysm
Abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall of CORONARY VESSELS. Most coronary aneurysms are due to CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS, and the rest are due to inflammatory diseases, such as KAWASAKI DISEASE.
Retinal Vein Occlusion
Blockage of the RETINAL VEIN. Those at high risk for this condition include patients with HYPERTENSION; DIABETES MELLITUS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; and other CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES.
Clinical Trials
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To determine the factors associated with progression of sub-clinical atherosclerosis and to evaluate the associations between the progression of sub-clinical atherosclerosis and the develo...
Gene-by-Smoking Interactions and Risk of Atherosclerosis - Ancillary to ARIC
To evaluate common genetic variations, that in combination with exposure to tobacco smoke, may modify the risk of atherosclerosis.
Epidemiology of Plasma Fatty Acids and Atherosclerosis
To measure by gas-liquid chromatography the relative concentrations of all saturated and unsaturated fatty acids found in the cholesterol ester and phospholipid fractions of plasma from 4,...
EPAT: Estrogen in the Prevention of Atherosclerosis Trial
The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) on the progression of early atherosclerosis in healthy postmenopausal women without preexisting...
TART - Troglitazone Atherosclerosis Regression Trial
The purpose of this study is to determine if troglitazone reduces the progression of early preintrusive carotid atherosclerosis in insulin-requiring diabetes patients.
PubMed Articles
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Do current criteria for 'healthy BMI' in adolescence warrant a re-think?
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The interleukin-1 (IL-1) family of cytokines has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in previous studies. The NLRP3 inflammasome has recently emerged as a pivotal regulator of IL-1Î...
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Paraoxonase 1, atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness in renal patients.
Atherosclerosis is an important contributor to increased cardiovascular burden in populations with and without renal disease. Paraoxonases (PON) are a group of enzymes that hydrolyse organophosphates....
