Heart Disease and the Black Health Disadvantage
Summary
To utilize national population data sets prepared by the National Center for Health Statistics, to (1) examine the current Black disadvantage in cardiovascular (CV) health, (2) explore potential clinical and epidemiologic causes, (3) incorporate emerging knowledge of new risk factors and (4) compare trends in medical treatment and risk factors for the four sex-race groups.
Description
BACKGROUND:
The Black health disadvantage remains a pressing public health issue in the United States. According to the Department of Health and Human Services 'Black and Minority Health Report', 65,000 excess deaths occur each year among Blacks when compared to the mortality experience of whites. Cardiovascular diseases make by far the largest contribution to this loss of life, accounting for over 30 percent of the excess. Despite improvements in CV mortality for all four major sex-race groups during the 1970's, the trends in heart disease in the United States began to diverge. A 50 percent slowing of the decline in coronary mortality occurred among Blacks from 1978-1986, compared to whites, and the gap in life expectancy between the races has widened. As noted in the 'Report', despite the widespread recognition of the importance of the problem, our knowledge regarding the causes of these differentials in CV disease was inadequate. To address this problem, the Report recommended support for 'innovative uses of current data' and 'cross-comparisons from different data sets', emphasizing the unique contribution population-based studies can make to 'understanding the health status and needs of minority populations'. Given the deterioration of the Black health status relative to the majority population, these recommendations took on new urgency.
DESIGN NARRATIVE:
Several separate analyses were conducted of prevalence surveys, epidemiologic followup studies, hospitalization surveys and vital statistics. These separate analyses were subsequently combined into a comprehensive description of the clinical and epidemiologic determinants of the Black CV disadvantage, and its future trends.
Study Design
Observational Model: Natural History
Conditions
Cardiovascular Diseases
Status
Completed
Source
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Results (where available)
Links
- Source: http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00005403
- Information obtained from ClinicalTrials.gov on July 15, 2010
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Cardiovascular Diseases
Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM.
Diagnostic Techniques, Cardiovascular
Methods and procedures for the diagnosis of diseases or dysfunction of the cardiovascular system or its organs or demonstration of their physiological processes.
Death, Sudden, Cardiac
Unexpected rapid natural death due to cardiovascular collapse within one hour of initial symptoms. It is usually caused by the worsening of existing heart diseases. The sudden onset of symptoms, such as CHEST PAIN and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS, particularly VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA, can lead to the loss of consciousness and cardiac arrest followed by biological death. (from Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine, 7th ed., 2005)
Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena
Processes and properties of the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM as a whole or of any of its parts.
Dental Care For Chronically Ill
Dental care for patients with chronic diseases. These diseases include chronic cardiovascular, endocrinologic, hematologic, immunologic, neoplastic, and renal diseases. The concept does not include dental care for the mentally or physically disabled which is DENTAL CARE FOR DISABLED.
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