Antimicrobial Drug Use and Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus
Summary
The purpose of this investigation is to study the relationships between antimicrobial stewardship program efforts, antimicrobial drug use, and infection control efforts to the incidence rates of hospital acquired infections with Staphylocossus aureus in a sample of US academic medical center hospitals.
Description
Hospitalized patients can become infected with a variety of microorganisms, but infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus (i.e., "staph" infections) are particularly common. The main strategy to reduce the number of patients infected with Staph. aureus is to decrease cross-transmission from one patient to another. In addition, increasing evidence suggests that improvements in antimicrobial drug use--promoted by hospital Antimicrobial Stewardship programs (ASPs) -- may also favorably impact rates of Staph. aureus infections. While many Staphylococcal strains remain susceptible to an old drug called methicillin (methicillin-susceptible Staph aureus, or MSSA), many Staph. aureus are methicillin-resistant (MRSA). The drug of choice for MRSA has historically been vancomycin, and vancomycin is now the most commonly prescribed antibiotic in US teaching hospitals. Vancomycin-resistant Staph. aureus (VRSA) is still uncommon, but some Staph. aureus are developing "low level" resistance to vancomycin. These strains are often called S. aureus with MIC "creep" to vancomycin (SA-MICcreep), and hVISA, but the epidemiology, clinical significance and risk factors for these organisms are not well described. We will survey UHC participating hospitals to learn more about these organisms, the drug and ASP related risk factors, and whether hospitals are trying to identify these organisms.
Study Design
Observational Model: Ecologic or Community, Time Perspective: Retrospective
Conditions
Staphylococcus Aureus
Location
Virginia Commonwealth University School ofPharamcy
Richmond
Virginia
United States
23298
Status
Enrolling by invitation
Source
Virginia Commonwealth University
Results (where available)
Links
- Source: http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01075451
- Information obtained from ClinicalTrials.gov on July 15, 2010
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus
A strain of Staphylococcus aureus that is non-susceptible to the action of METHICILLIN. The mechanism of resistance usually involves modification of normal or the presence of acquired PENICILLIN BINDING PROTEINS.
Lysostaphin
A 25-kDa peptidase produced by Staphylococcus simulans which cleaves a glycine-glcyine bond unique to an inter-peptide cross-bridge of the STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS cell wall. EC 3.4.24.75.
Pneumonia, Staphylococcal
Pneumonia caused by infections with bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS, usually with STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS.
Staphylococcus Hominis
A species of STAPHYLOCOCCUS similar to STAPHYLOCOCCUS HAEMOLYTICUS, but containing different esterases. The subspecies Staphylococcus hominis novobiosepticus is highly virulent and novobiocin resistant.
Staphylococcus Aureus
Potentially pathogenic bacteria found in nasal membranes, skin, hair follicles, and perineum of warm-blooded animals. They may cause a wide range of infections and intoxications.
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