Optical Biopsy of Human Skin in Conjunction With Laser Treatment
Summary
Purpose;
This study is to compare the ability of optical biopsy (where light enters the skin, is reflected back out, collected, analyzed by the computer, and a picture created for the pathologist to conventional histologic examination (where the pathologist looking at the piece of tissue through a microscope makes the diagnosis.) This non-invasive, non-contact technique has great potential as a means to diagnose different skin problems without the need to obtain a piece of tissue from the skin.
Hypothesis;
Photon Migration Spectroscopy (PMS) on each area of interest as identified by the physician. Photon Migration Spectroscopy is a non-invasive optical technique that utilizes intensity-modulated, near-infrared (NIR) light to quantitatively measure optical properties in thick tissues. Optical properties (absorption, µa, and scattering, µs', parameters) derived from PMS measurements shown low-resolution functional images of tissue hemoglobin (total, oxy, and deoxy forms), oxygen saturation, blood volume fraction, water content, fat content and cellular structure. PMS is currently employed in a number of other investigations including HS #1995-563 "Measurement of Breast tissue properties", HS#2002-2306 "Monitoring the response of chemotherapy on breast tumor" and HS#2004-3626 "Measurement of the Distribution of Optical Properties in Adult Human Muscle"
MI, multispectral imaging system operates by projecting low-power near-infrared structured light patterns on to the tissue of interest in a non-contact, reflection geometry and then capturing the reflectance with a CCD camera. The system can image the depth-resolved optical properties of in-vivo tissues, allowing rapid, non-invasive 3D visualization of sub-surface structures. Moreover, while this system is low-resolution (~0.3mm) compared to OCT, it has a high sensitivity to functional parameters related to hydration and inflammation, making it complimentary to OCT.
The multispectral device uses a near-infrared tungsten-halogen bulb with heat filtering for tissue illumination, resulting in an optical power of <10mW/cm^2 in any 10nm band ranging from 600-1000nm. This is analogous to illumination with a bright flashlight, and will not inflict any pain or injury to the rat during the procedure. A CCD camera will capture the reflected light of various spatial illumination patterns over an area of 1cm^2 from a depth ranging from 0-4mm.
Description
Procedure;
PMS,optical probe consisting of a pen shape plastic casing, optical fibers and a detector will be placed on the study skin.The unique functional information provided by PMS makes it well suited to characterizing vascular lesions and response to therapy. Measurements are performed using a non-invasive, multi-wavelength, diode-laser PMS device. The measurements provide quantitative optical property values that reflect changes in tissue perfusion, oxygen consumption, and cell/matrix development. Each measurement requires less than 5 minutes to execute. The measurements will be taken before and after skin treatment.
MI,multispectral device uses a near-infrared tungsten-halogen bulb with heat filtering for tissue illumination. This is analogous to illumination with a bright flashlight, and will not inflict any pain or injury to the rat during the procedure. A CCD camera will capture the reflected light of various spatial illumination patterns over an area of the study skin surface.The images will be taken before and after skin treatment.
Anticipate Risk and Benefit;
PMS:There are however, risks that are currently unforeseeable. The only item in contact with the skin is an pen shape optical probe. The optical powers we will use in this study are all far less than those used with surgical lasers. The measurement itself is painless, and there are no significant discomfort.
There are no benefit in this study. However,the knowledge gained from this study may be benefit for the future skin treatment
MI;There are no risks associated with the use of near infrared light. The light is gathered by a camera taking picture of the skin without contact the skin.
There are no benefit in this study. However,the knowledge gained from this study may be benefit for the future skin treatment
Study Design
Observational Model: Case-Only, Time Perspective: Prospective
Conditions
Malignant Melanoma,
Intervention
OLCR,NIR/PMS,MI
Location
Beckman Laser Institute, Unversity of California Irvine
Irvine
California
United States
92612
Status
Completed
Source
University of California, Irvine
Results (where available)
Links
- Source: http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00540566
- Information obtained from ClinicalTrials.gov on July 15, 2010
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Melanoma, Amelanotic
An unpigmented malignant melanoma. It is an anaplastic melanoma consisting of cells derived from melanoblasts but not forming melanin. (Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed)
Iris Neoplasms
Tumors of the iris characterized by increased pigmentation of melanocytes. Iris nevi are composed of proliferated melanocytes and are associated with neurofibromatosis and malignant melanoma of the choroid and ciliary body. Malignant melanoma of the iris often originates from preexisting nevi.
Hutchinson's Melanotic Freckle
A cellular subtype of malignant melanoma. It is a pigmented lesion composed of melanocytes occurring on sun-exposed skin, usually the face and neck. The melanocytes are commonly multinucleated with a "starburst" appearance. It is considered by many to be the in situ phase of lentigo maligna melanoma.
Cysteinyldopa
Found in large amounts in the plasma and urine of patients with malignant melanoma. It is therefore used in the diagnosis of melanoma and for the detection of postoperative metastases. Cysteinyldopa is believed to be formed by the rapid enzymatic hydrolysis of 5-S-glutathionedopa found in melanin-producing cells.
Dysplastic Nevus Syndrome
Clinically atypical nevi (usually exceeding 5 mm in diameter and having variable pigmentation and ill defined borders) with an increased risk for development of non-familial cutaneous malignant melanoma. Biopsies show melanocytic dysplasia. Nevi are clinically and histologically identical to the precursor lesions for melanoma in the B-K mole syndrome. (Stedman, 25th ed)
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