Search Results for "Fast Sodium Channels And Action Potentials"
Original Source: Fast sodium channel gating supports localized and efficient axonal action potential initiation.
Action potentials (APs) are initiated in the proximal axon of most neurons. In myelinated axons, a 50-times higher sodium channel density in the initial segment compared to the soma may account for this phenomenon. However, little is known about sodium channel density and gating in proximal unmyelinated axons. To study the mechanisms underlying AP initiation in unmyelinated hippocampal mossy fibers of adult mice, we recorded sodium currents in axonal and somatic membrane patches. We demonstrate that sodium...
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Radioactive sodium iodine 131I radioiodine
Arrhythmias are abnormal rhythms of the heart and cause the heart to pump blood less effectively. Most cardiac arrhythmias are temporary and benign, often caused by strong emotions or exercise. None...
Laxatives are medicines that relieve constipation (difficulty with bowel movements). They are a popular type of over-the-counter remedy. They can also be prescribed for conditions that could get wor...
KYNAMRO (mipomersen sodium) injection is an oligonucleotide inhibitor of apolipoprotein B-100 synthesis indicated as an adjunct to lipid-lowering medications and diet to reduce low density lipoprote...
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Ion channels: Metabolite targets sodium channels in diabetic pain
Diabetic patients often experience chronic pain as a complication of their condition. In this study, a metabolite produced under hyperglycaemic conditions is shown to influence the function of voltage...
State and location dependence of action potential metabolic cost in cortical pyramidal neurons
Examining ionic fluxes during action potentials in rat neocortical pyramidal neurons, the authors show that the energy efficiency of action potentials depends on the level of subthreshold depolarizati...
Crystal structure of a voltage-gated sodium channel in two potentially inactivated states
In excitable cells, voltage-gated sodium (NaV) channels activate to initiate action potentials and then undergo fast and slow inactivation processes that terminate their ionic conductance. Inactivatio...
Ion selectivity in neuronal signaling channels evolved twice in animals
(University of Vienna) Excitation of neurons depends on the selected influx of certain ions through specific channels. Obviously, these channels were crucial for the evolution of nervous systems in an...
Study Finds Inconsistent And Slow Reduction In Sodium Levels In Processed And Restaurant's Food
JAMA Internal Medicine Study Highlights A study by Michael F. Jacobson, Ph.D., of the Center for Science in the Public Interest, Washington, D.C., and colleagues suggest voluntary reductions in sodium...
The end of a dogma: Bipolar cells generate action potentials
To make information transmission to the brain reliable, the retina first has to “digitize” the image. Until now, it was widely believed that this step takes place in the retinal ganglion cells, th...
The Predictive Value of the Evoked Potentials Score in MS
In this age of more sophisticated testing, can evoked potentials still be clinically useful as predictors of disability in multiple sclerosis? BMC Neurology
A voltage-gated sodium channel is essential for the positive selection of CD4+ T cells
Calcium signals are required for thymocyte positive selection. Allen and colleagues show that thymic selecting ligands induce SCN5a-SCN4b voltage-gated sodium channels and sustained calcium influx nec...
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Action potentials in primary osteoblasts and in the MG-63 osteoblast-like cell line.
Whole-cell patch-clamp analysis revealed a resting membrane potential of -60 mV in primary osteoblasts and in the MG-63 osteoblast-like cells. Depolarization-induced action potentials were characteri...
BK channels modulate cell firing in excitable cells in a voltage-dependent manner regulated by fluctuations in free cytosolic Ca(2+) during action potentials. Indeed, Ca(2+)-independent BK channel act...
Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels: Mutations, Channelopathies and Targets.
Voltage-gated sodium channels produce fast depolarization, which is responsible for the rising phase of the action potential in neurons, muscles and heart. These channels are very large membrane prote...
The axon initial segment (AIS) is critical for the initiation and propagation of action potentials. Assembly of the AIS requires interactions between scaffolding molecules and voltage-gated sodium cha...
Lidocaine reduces the transition to slow-inactivation in Na(v) 1.7 voltage-gated sodium channels.
Background and purpose: The primary use of local anaesthetics is to prevent or relieve pain by reversibly preventing action potential propagation through the inhibition of voltage-gated sodium channel...
