Search Results for "Prefrontal Cortex And Shift Workers"
Original Source: Emergency medicine residents' use of psychostimulants and sedatives to aid in shift work.
OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the frequency that emergency medicine house staff report use of stimulants and sedatives to aid in shift work and circadian transitions. METHODS: We surveyed residents from 12 regional emergency medicine programs inviting them to complete a voluntary, anonymous electronic questionnaire regarding their use of stimulants and sedatives. RESULTS: Out of 485 eligible residents invited to participate in the survey, 226 responded (47% response frequency). The reported use of prescription s...
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Circadian rhythm sleep disorder shift work disorder
The World Health Organization (WHO) definition of sexual health; "the state of physical, emotional, mental and social well-being related to sexuality; it is not merely the absence of disease, d...
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Inside the brains of mice and men alike, a relatively big football-shaped region called the thalamus acts like a switchboard, providing the prefrontal cortex, the part that does abstract thinking and...
Early involvement of prefrontal cortex in visual bottom-up attention
The authors found that, when monkeys detected a salient stimulus defined purely by bottom-up factors, neurons in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex represented the stimulus no later than those in the...
Confidence in value-based choice
This study examines the neural coding of decision confidence when human subjects make value-based economic choices, and finds that signals of explicit confidence are encoded in the activity of ventrom...
Study: Brain imaging can predict how intelligent you are
When it comes to intelligence, what factors distinguish the brains of exceptionally smart humans from those of average humans? Size and prefrontal cortex activity contribute, but new research from...
Long-term hormone treatment increases synapses in rat prefrontal cortex
(University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) A new study of aged female rats found that long-term treatment with estrogen and a synthetic progesterone known as MPA increased levels of a protein marker...
Impaired adult myelination in the prefrontal cortex of socially isolated mice
In this study, the authors show that subjecting adult animals to prolonged social isolation results in impaired heterochromatin formation in oligodendrocytes and decreased myelin thickness, specifical...
Rescuing cocaine-induced prefrontal cortex hypoactivity prevents compulsive cocaine seeking
Loss of control over harmful drug seeking is one of the most intractable aspects of addiction, as human substance abusers continue to pursue drugs despite incurring significant negative consequences....
Category-dependent and category-independent goal-value codes in human ventromedial prefrontal cortex
To facilitate decisions between distinct options, goal values could be represented using a common currency. Here the authors find that a region of medial prefrontal cortex contains a distributed goal-...
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Prefrontal Cortex Tunes Category Selectivity in Visual Association Cortex.
Different categories of visual objects evoke distinct bottom-up sensory responses in visual association cortex. Although numerous lines of evidence suggest this category selectivity, the degree to whi...
The neonatal ventral hippocampal lesion (NVHL) manipulation is a neurodevelopmental animal model of schizophrenia that produces abnormalities in the prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens, both effer...
Knowledge about hypothetical outcomes from unchosen actions is beneficial only when such outcomes can be correctly attributed to specific actions. Here we show that during a simulated rock-paper-sciss...
Aims: Low-frequency right prefrontal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is effective in treating depression, and its antidepressant effects have proven to correlate with decreases...
Neuron number and size in prefrontal cortex of children with autism.
Autism often involves early brain overgrowth, including the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Although prefrontal abnormality has been theorized to underlie some autistic symptoms, the cellular defects that ca...
