The Paleo-Indian Entry into South America According to Mitogenomes.
Summary of "The Paleo-Indian Entry into South America According to Mitogenomes."
Recent and compelling archaeological evidence attests to human presence ∼14.5 thousand years ago (Kya) at multiple sites in South America and a very early exploitation of extreme high-altitude Andean environments. Considering that, according to genetic evidence, human entry into North America from Beringia most likely occurred ∼16 Kya, these archeological findings would imply an extremely rapid spread along the double continent. To shed light on this issue from a genetic perspective, we first completely sequenced 217 novel modern mitogenomes of Native American ancestry from the northwestern area of South America (Ecuador and Peru); we then evaluated them phylogenetically together with other available mitogenomes (430 samples, both modern and ancient) from the same geographic area and, finally, with all closely related mitogenomes from the entire double continent. We detected a large number (N = 48) of novel sub-haplogroups, often branching into further sub-clades, belonging to two classes: those that arose in South America early after its peopling and those that instead originated in North or Central America and reached South America with the first settlers. Coalescence age estimates for these sub-haplogroups provide time boundaries indicating that early Paleo-Indians probably moved from North America to the area corresponding to modern Ecuador and Peru over the short time frame of ∼1.5 Ky comprised between 16.0 and 14.6 Kya.
Affiliation
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Molecular biology and evolution
ISSN: 1537-1719
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29099937
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msx267
PubMed Articles
The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of CAM users among asthmatic patients in a tertiary care South Indian hospital.
Significant challenges exist for Ketogenic Diet (KD) programs in many populations, mainly due to the variations in local dietary preferences. Here we report a single center experience of KD therapy in...
Clinical Profile of Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus in a South Indian Patient Population.
To analyze and compare the clinical profile of herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) patients in a South Indian patient population aged
Dual (oxygen and nitrogen) isotopic composition of the museum archived nitrates from the United States of America, South Africa and Australia was studied. The analyzed specimens were collected in midd...
Sequencing of mitochondrial displacement-loop (D-loop) of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients and (n=118) and controls (n=114) of south Indian origin showed significant association of D310 (P=0....
Clinical Trials
Efficacy of NovoSeven® in Bleeding Prophylaxis in Hemophilia
This trial is conducted in Africa, Asia, Europe, South America, and the United States of America (USA). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of secondary prophylacti...
Use of Activated Recombinant Human Factor VII in Cardiac Surgery
This trial is conducted in Africa, Asia, Europe, South America and the United States of America (USA). The trial is planned to investigate the safety and efficacy of NovoSeven® in the ma...
Comparison of NN1250 With Sitagliptin in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Never Treated With Insulin
This trial will be conducted in Africa, Asia, North America and South America. The aim of this clinical trial is to compare NN1250 with sitagliptin, as add-on to subject's own current oral...
The purpose of this study is to assess the immunogenicity and safety of DTPa-IPV/Hib when administered at 6, 10 and 14 weeks to healthy Indian infants, as per guidance from the Indian regu...
This trial was conducted in Europe, Middle East, North America and South America. The aim of this trial was to compare the use of an intensified insulin treatment Insulin Aspart (NovoRapi...
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Latin America
The geographic area of Latin America in general and when the specific country or countries are not indicated. It usually includes Central America, South America, Mexico, and the islands of the Caribbean.
Americas
The general name for NORTH AMERICA; CENTRAL AMERICA; and SOUTH AMERICA unspecified or combined.
Kenya
A republic in eastern Africa, south of ETHIOPIA, west of SOMALIA with TANZANIA to its south, and coastline on the Indian Ocean. Its capital is Nairobi.
Central America
A region of southern NORTH AMERICA extending from the southern border of MEXICO to the northern border of COLOMBIA. It separates the Caribbean Sea from the Pacific Ocean and is linked to SOUTH AMERICA by the Isthmus of Panama.
Tunga
A genus of parasitic fleas in the family Pulicidae. They are found mainly in Africa, South America, and Central America.
