Efficacy and Safety of Alfacalcidol Compared to Calcitriol for Treatment of Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
Summary
This study was performed to determine whether calcitriol provides a therapeutic advantage to alfacalcidol for treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in ESRD patients.
Description
Secondary hyperparathyroidism has a significant impact on morbidity and mortality in advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD).Both nonselective and selective vitamin D receptor activators (VDRAs) are demonstrated in many studies for their efficacy on suppression of PTH. Most of them are quite expensive and unavailable in many countries. Calcitriol and alfacalcidol are less expensive and worldwidely distributed. There is only one short-term study which directly compares these two drugs. This study demonstrates that calcitriol is superior to alfacalcidol. However, alfacalcidol is a prohormone of calcitriol. It has to be converted by 25-hydroxylase at the liver to generate 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 to act on target cells. Many pharmacokinetics studies demonstrate that alfacalcidol has lower AUC compared to calcitriol if they are administered in the same dose. Therefore, the authors hypothesize that alfacalcidol may be equivalently efficacious as calcitriol if its dose is adjusted according to the pharmacokinetics studies.
Study Design
Allocation: Randomized, Control: Active Control, Endpoint Classification: Safety/Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment, Masking: Single Blind (Investigator), Primary Purpose: Treatment
Conditions
Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
Intervention
alfacalcidol and calcitriol
Location
Siriraj Medical School
Bangkok-noi
Bangkok
Thailand
10700
Status
Completed
Source
Mahidol University
Results (where available)
Links
- Source: http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01115543
- Information obtained from ClinicalTrials.gov on July 15, 2010
Published on BioPortfolio: 2014-08-27T03:14:00-0400
Clinical Trials
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PubMed Articles
To observe the clinical outcome and the effect of bone metabolism of cinacalcet combined with calcitriol in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients with severe secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT).
Hyperparathyroidism is associated with hypercalcemia and the excess of parathyroid hormone secretion. However, the alterations in molecular pattern of functional genes during parathyroid tumorigenesis...
Severe Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in a Hemodialysis Patient: A Case Report from Mongolia.
Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) occurs in patients with chronic renal failure complicated with renal bone disease and soft tissue/vascular calcification. In dialysis patients with severe SHPT, me...
A HISTOPATHOLOGICAL AUDIT OF HYPERPARATHYROIDISM IN THE SOUTH AFRICAN SETTING.
Hyperparathyroidism is a common endocrine disorder. Parathyroidectomy is indicated for primary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism. Parathyroid adenoma is the cause in close to 85% of cases of primary hy...
Vitamin D and Secondary Hyperparathyroid States.
The interplay between vitamin D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) represents one of the most important metabolic mechanisms of regulation of the calcium/phosphorus homeostasis. Secondary hyperparathyroidi...
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Hyperparathyroidism
A condition of abnormally elevated output of PARATHYROID HORMONE (or PTH) triggering responses that increase blood CALCIUM. It is characterized by HYPERCALCEMIA and BONE RESORPTION, eventually leading to bone diseases. PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM is caused by parathyroid HYPERPLASIA or PARATHYROID NEOPLASMS. SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM is increased PTH secretion in response to HYPOCALCEMIA, usually caused by chronic KIDNEY DISEASES.
Receptors, Calcitriol
Proteins, usually found in the cytoplasm, that specifically bind calcitriol, migrate to the nucleus, and regulate transcription of specific segments of DNA with the participation of D receptor interacting proteins (called DRIP). Vitamin D is converted in the liver and kidney to calcitriol and ultimately acts through these receptors.
Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary
Abnormally elevated PARATHYROID HORMONE secretion as a response to HYPOCALCEMIA. It is caused by chronic KIDNEY FAILURE or other abnormalities in the controls of bone and mineral metabolism, leading to various BONE DISEASES, such as RENAL OSTEODYSTROPHY.
Renal Osteodystrophy
Decalcification of bone or abnormal bone development due to chronic KIDNEY DISEASES, in which 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D3 synthesis by the kidneys is impaired, leading to reduced negative feedback on PARATHYROID HORMONE. The resulting SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM eventually leads to bone disorders.
Calcitriol
The physiologically active form of vitamin D. It is formed primarily in the kidney by enzymatic hydroxylation of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (CALCIFEDIOL). Its production is stimulated by low blood calcium levels and parathyroid hormone. Calcitriol increases intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorus, and in concert with parathyroid hormone increases bone resorption.
