Maternal carbon dioxide level during labor and its possible effect on fetal cerebral oxygenation: Mini review.
Summary of "Maternal carbon dioxide level during labor and its possible effect on fetal cerebral oxygenation: Mini review."
During pregnancy, and especially during labor, the maternal carbon dioxide level declines considerably. Maternal carbon dioxide levels show a close relation with fetal carbon dioxide levels. The latter affects fetal cerebral oxygenation by regulating cerebral blood flow and shifting the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve. In addition, maternal hypocapnia appears to impair placental oxygen transfer. Thus, maternal hyperventilation may interfere with optimal fetal cerebral oxygenation. Here, we provide a brief overview of the literature relevant to this issue.
Affiliation
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research
ISSN: 1447-0756
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22765270
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0756.2012.01944.x
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase
An enzyme with high affinity for carbon dioxide. It catalyzes irreversibly the formation of oxaloacetate from phosphoenolpyruvate and carbon dioxide. This fixation of carbon dioxide in several bacteria and some plants is the first step in the biosynthesis of glucose. EC 4.1.1.31.
Carbonic Anhydrases
A family of zinc-containing enzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. They play an important role in the transport of CARBON DIOXIDE from the tissues to the LUNG. EC 4.2.1.1.
Pyruvate Decarboxylase
Catalyzes the decarboxylation of an alpha keto acid to an aldehyde and carbon dioxide. Thiamine pyrophosphate is an essential cofactor. In lower organisms, which ferment glucose to ethanol and carbon dioxide, the enzyme irreversibly decarboxylates pyruvate to acetaldehyde. EC 4.1.1.1.
Ribulose-bisphosphate Carboxylase
A copper protein that catalyzes the formation of 2 moles of 3-phosphoglycerate from ribulose 1,5-biphosphate in the presence of carbon dioxide. It utilizes oxygen instead of carbon dioxide to form 2-phosphoglycollate and 3-phosphoglycerate. EC 4.1.1.39.
Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (atp)
An enzyme of the lyase class that catalyzes the conversion of ATP and oxaloacetate to ADP, phosphoenolpyruvate, and carbon dioxide. The enzyme is found in some bacteria, yeast, and Trypanosoma, and is important for the photosynthetic assimilation of carbon dioxide in some plants. EC 4.1.1.49.
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