Acute Intrathecal Baclofen Withdrawal: A Brief Review of Treatment Options.
Summary of "Acute Intrathecal Baclofen Withdrawal: A Brief Review of Treatment Options."
BACKGROUND:
Acute baclofen toxicity and withdrawal can present with a constellation of symptoms making differentiation between these two entities and other potential diagnoses challenging. Baclofen withdrawal is associated with numerous complications which may require neurocritical care expertise such as respiratory failure, refractory seizures, delirium, and blood pressure lability.
METHODS:
Case report and literature review.
RESULTS:
This case report discusses a case of intrathecal baclofen (ITB) withdrawal, focusing on the differential diagnosis for acute baclofen withdrawal and reviews the various options that exist to treat the symptoms of acute baclofen withdrawal such as benzodiazepines, propofol, skeletal muscle relaxants, and tizanidine.
CONCLUSIONS:
Critical care practitioners should be prepared to treat this potentially devastating and often refractory complication of ITB therapy.
Affiliation
Department of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph Health System, 1 Saint Joseph Dr, Lexington, KY, 40504, USA.
Journal Details
This article was published in the following journal.
Name: Neurocritical care
ISSN: 1556-0961
Pages:
Links
- PubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20717751
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12028-010-9422-6
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Concurrent Review
Review of the medical necessity of hospital or other health facility admissions, upon or within a short time following an admission, and periodic review of services provided during the course of treatment.
Substance Withdrawal Syndrome
Physiological and psychological symptoms associated with withdrawal from the use of a drug after prolonged administration or habituation. The concept includes withdrawal from smoking or drinking, as well as withdrawal from an administered drug.
Drug Utilization Review
Formal programs for assessing drug prescription against some standard. Drug utilization review may consider clinical appropriateness, cost effectiveness, and, in some cases, outcomes. Review is usually retrospective, but some analysis may be done before drugs are dispensed (as in computer systems which advise physicians when prescriptions are entered). Drug utilization review is mandated for Medicaid programs beginning in 1993.
Professional Review Organizations
Organizations representing designated geographic areas which have contracts under the PRO program to review the medical necessity, appropriateness, quality, and cost-effectiveness of care received by Medicare beneficiaries. Peer Review Improvement Act, PL 97-248, 1982.
Withholding Treatment
Withholding or withdrawal of a particular treatment or treatments, often (but not necessarily) life-prolonging treatment, from a patient or from a research subject as part of a research protocol. The concept is differentiated from REFUSAL TO TREAT, where the emphasis is on the health professional's or health facility's refusal to treat a patient or group of patients when the patient or the patient's representative requests treatment. Withholding of life-prolonging treatment is usually indexed only with EUTHANASIA, PASSIVE, unless the distinction between withholding and withdrawing treatment, or the issue of withholding palliative rather than curative treatment, is discussed.
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