Chemical and biological control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in witloof chicory culture.

Summary

BACKGROUND:
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary is a major pathogen of witloof chicory. For lack of authorised field treatment, post-harvest sprays with dicarboximide fungicides have been standard practice since the 1970s to prevent root rot and chicory heart decay during the forcing phase. However, the registration of procymidone and vinclozolin has been withdrawn in Europe. The development of organic agriculture and the necessity to reduce fungicide applications in conventional agriculture prompted an assessment of the efficacy of new fungicides and the use of the mycoparasite Coniothyrium minitans (Campbell).
RESULTS:
A mixture of the fungicides fludioxonil and cyprodinil (Switch(Â®)) applied on chicory roots achieved a very good control of S. sclerotiorum (up to 95%). The use of C. minitans limited root infection, both when applied in the field (50-65% efficacy) and before the forcing period (post-harvest treatment up to 80%).
CONCLUSION:
In organic agriculture, two treatments with C. minitans (in field and later at the forcing period) could improve protection against S. sclerotiorum. In conventional agriculture, after the field biological treatment, a post-harvest chemical treatment could be applied. The addition of other prophylactic methods could lead to a high level of performance in practice against decay caused by S. sclerotiorum. Copyright Â© 2010 Society of Chemical Industry.

Affiliation

APEF, Station ExpÃ©rimentale de l'Endive, Arras, France.

Journal Details

Name: Pest management science
ISSN: 1526-4998
Pages:

MESH Definitions

Pest Control, Biological

The use of biological mechanisms, usually involving living organisms such as bacteria, for the reduction or regulation of the population of noxious, destructive, or dangerous pests. Environmental concerns have focused attention on natural forms of disease control as potentially safe and effective alternatives to chemical pesticides. This has led to increased efforts to develop control strategies that rely on natural predators and parasites or that involve genetically engineered microbial pest control agents.

Tick Control

Chemical, biological, or medical measures designed to prevent the spread of ticks or the concomitant infestations which result in tick-borne diseases. It includes the veterinary as well as the public health aspects of tick and mite control.

Mosquito Control

The reduction or regulation of the population of mosquitoes through chemical, biological, or other means.

Lagenidium

A genus of ALGAE in the family Lagenidiaceae. One species (L. giganteum) parasitizes the larval stage of MOSQUITOES and is used in its biological control (PEST CONTROL, BIOLOGICAL); it also causes disease in freshwater FISHES.

Rodent Control

The reduction or regulation of the population of noxious, destructive, or dangerous rodents through chemical, biological, or other means.

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