PubMed Journals Articles About "London 2012 Unveils Anti Doping Laboratory" 
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Showing "London 2012 Unveils Anti Doping Laboratory" PubMed Articles 1–25 of 52,000+
The Athlete Biological Passport from the perspective of an anti-doping organization.
Abstract The introduction of the Athlete Biological Passport is a landmark in the fight against doping. Contrary to traditional toxicological anti-doping analysis, its aim is to detect the biological consequences of doping through the measurement of different specific biomarkers which generate individual profiles for each athlete. This new approach allows anti-doping organizations to convict those athletes showing abnormal profiles for the use (not the presence!) of even undetectable forbidden substances or...
London 2012: prescribing for athletes in ophthalmology.
AimsPrescribing for athletes requires an up-to-date knowledge of the World Anti-Doping Agency's list of prohibited substances. As the London 2012 Olympic Games attract athletes from around the world, we review the current guidelines with respect to all medications licensed for ophthalmic use in the United Kingdom. We describe the process that an ophthalmologist can use to check for permissible medications and also highlight treatments that are contraindicated.MethodsWe systematically reviewed all 77 drugs l...
When action against doping began, sport itself was, as a rule, responsible for anti-doping measures and governments often had only a subsidiary function. However, due to doping scandals or doping allegations, the formation of independent Anti-Doping Organisations (NADOs) was already discussed in the 1990s in some countries as guarantors for clean sports. In the course of the doping scandal at the Tour de France in 1998 and the systematic intervention of the French state, the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA)...
Involvement of the health industry in the fight against doping in sport.
Most substances used for doping in sport are legitimate pharmaceutical products deviated from their intended therapeutic applications. One of the major challenges for anti-doping authorities, in anticipation of future doping trends, is to assess the doping potential of drugs in development by the health industry and to timely develop anti-doping analytical methods to detect their abuse before such drugs become available to athletes intending to use them as doping agents. In this regard, the World Anti-Dopin...
In memory of Alfons Bukowski on the centenary of anti-doping research.
Alfons Bukowski (1858-1921) is commonly regarded as the pioneer of anti-doping research. In 1910, he developed a method to detect alkaloids in horse saliva. One hundred years later, this is a good moment to remember Bukowski, an outstanding Polish pharmacist, often mistakenly represented in world literature as a Russian chemist. It is also an occasion to mention that the real driving force in the history of doping were events related to horse rivalry. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Urine is still the matrix of choice to fight against doping, because it can be collected non-invasively during anti-doping tests. Most of the World Anti-Doping Agency's accredited laboratories have more than 20years experience in analyzing this biological fluid and the majority of the compounds listed in the 2010 Prohibited List - International Standard are eliminated through the urinary apparatus. Storing and transporting urine samples for doping analyses does not include a specific protocol to prevent mic...
Anti-"negative-doping" testing: a new perspective in anti-doping research?
Human genetic variation: New challenges and opportunities for doping control.
Abstract Sport celebrates differences in competitors that lead to the often razor-thin margins between victory and defeat. The source of this variation is the interaction between the environment in which the athletes develop and compete and their genetic make-up. However, a darker side of sports may also be genetically influenced: some anti-doping tests are affected by the athlete's genotype. Genetic variation is an issue that anti-doping authorities must address as more is learned about the interaction bet...
Clomiphene, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, is prohibited by World Anti Doping Agency (WADA) out-of-competition and in-competition. As it is extensively metabolized, further investigation of clomiphene metabolic profile will be essential to routine anti-doping analysis. The metabolic pathway and the different metabolites of clomiphene in human urine collected from three healthy volunteers during 1week were studied by liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOFMS) base...
Annual banned-substance review: analytical approaches in human sports drug testing.
The timely update of the list of prohibited substances and methods of doping (as issued by the World Anti-Doping Agency) is an essential aspect of international anti-doping efforts and represents consensual agreement by expert panels regarding substances and the methods of performance manipulation in sports. The annual banned-substance review for human doping controls critically summarizes recent innovations in analytical approaches; its purpose is to improve the quality of doping controls by reporting emer...
Use of forensic investigations in anti-doping.
The fight against doping is mainly focused on direct detection, using analytical methods for the detection of doping agents in biological samples. However, the World Anti-Doping Code also defines doping as possession, administration or attempted administration of prohibited substances or methods, trafficking or attempted trafficking in any prohibited substance or methods. As these issues correspond to criminal investigation, a forensic approach can help assessing potential violation of these rules. In the c...
Doping control analysis of desmopressin in human urine by LC-ESI-MS/MS after urine delipidation.
The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) has recently added desmopressin, a synthetic analogue of the endogenous peptide hormone arginine vasopressin, to the Prohibited List, owing to the potential masking effects of this drug on hematic parameters useful to detect blood doping. A qualitative method for detection of desmopressin in human urine by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) has been developed and validated. Desmopressin purification from urine was a...
Recent developments in doping testing for erythropoietin.
The constant development of new erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs), since the first introduction of recombinant erythropoietin (rhEpo) for clinical use, has also necessitated constant development of methods for detecting the abuse of these substances. Doping with ESAs is prohibited according to the World Anti-Doping Code and its prohibited list of substances and methods. Since the first publication of a direct and urine-based detection method in 2000, which uses changes in the Epo isoform profile as d...
Application of high-throughput IEF-PAGE for EPO-doping testing.
Since its first publication in 2000, the isoelectric focusing (IEF) method of erythropoietin (EPO) used in doping control has been considered a procedure with relatively small sample number capacity. To overcome this limitation, a variation of the current protocol was evaluated, which uses double-sized gels with 48-120 wells plus three electrodes and hence multiplies the capacity of the electrophoretic chamber. With this modification up to 120 samples and standards can be run on a single gel - thus, making...
Analytical aspects in doping control: Challenges and perspectives.
Since the first anti-doping tests in the 1960s, the analytical aspects of the testing remain challenging. The evolution of the analytical process in doping control is discussed in this paper with a particular emphasis on separation techniques, such as gas chromatography and liquid chromatography. These approaches are improving in parallel with the requirements of increasing sensitivity and selectivity for detecting prohibited substances in biological samples from athletes. Moreover, fast analyses are mandat...
Philosophy on steroids: a reply.
Brent Kious has recently attacked several arguments generally adduced to support anti-doping in sports, which are widely supported by the sports medicine fraternity, international sports federations, and international governments. We show that his attack does not succeed for a variety of reasons. First, it uses an overly inclusive definition of doping at odds with the WADA definition, which has global, if somewhat contentious, currency. Second, it seriously misconstrues the position it attacks, rendering th...
OMICS-strategies and methods in the fight against doping.
During the past decade OMICS-methods not only continued to have their impact on research strategies in life sciences and in particular molecular biology, but also started to be used for anti-doping control purposes. Research activities were mainly reasoned by the fact that several substances and methods, which were prohibited by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), were or still are difficult to detect by direct methods. Transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics in theory offer ideal platforms for the d...
Due to its stimulatory effects on the central nervous system, and its structural similarity to banned stimulants such as ephedrine and methamphetamine, pseudoephedrine (PSE) at high doses is considered as an ergogenic aid for boosting athletic performance. However, the status of PSE in the International Standard of the Prohibited List as established under the World Anti-Doping Code has changed over the years, being prohibited until 2003 at a urinary cut-off value of 25 µg/ml, and then subsequently removed...
The interplay between dopants and oxygen vacancies in the magnetism of V-doped TiO(2).
Density functional theory calculations indicate that the incorporation of V into Ti lattice positions of rutile TiO(2) leads to magnetic V(4 + ) species, but the extension and sign of the coupling between dopant moments confirm that ferromagnetic order cannot be reached via low-concentration doping in the non-defective oxide. Oxygen vacancies can introduce additional magnetic centres, and we show here that one of the effects of vanadium doping is to reduce the formation energies of these defects. In the pre...
We report on the investigation of Co and Cu substitution effects on superconductivity and magnetism in Fe(1+y)Te(0.6)Se(0.4) single crystals. The parent Fe(1.01)Te(0.59)Se(0.41) shows a nodeless bulk superconductivity as revealed in heat capacity measurement, which is gradually suppressed by either Co or Cu doping. It is found that the Co or Cu doping mainly serves as scatterers rather than charge carrier doping, which is in agreement with the DFT calculation (2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 157004) reported by W...
Ian Needleman: 'The spirit of positivity at London 2012 was incredible'.
Ian Needleman talks to the BDJ about his research study at the London 2012 Olympic Games, the future of periodontology and his top tips for dental students.
Nitrogen/Boron doping position dependence of the electronic properties of a triangular graphene.
We investigate the effect of N/B doping on the electronic properties for a zero-dimensional zigzag-edged triangular graphene, wherein two sets of sublattices are unbalanced, using density functional theory (DFT). We find that the substitutional N/B atom energetically prefers to distribute in the major sublattice. After the N/B doping, the net spin for triangular graphene is reduced and full or partial depolarization occurs depending on doping sites. Our DFT calculations show that the triangular graphene wit...
Androstenedione (4-androstene-3,17-dione) is banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) as an endogenous steroid. The official method to confirm androstenedione abuse is isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). According to the guidance published by WADA, atypical steroid profiles are required to trigger IRMS analysis. However, in some situations, steroid profile parameters are not effective enough to suspect the misuse of endogenous steroids. The aim of this study was to investigate the atypical steroid...
Harm, risk, and doping analogies: A counter-response to Kious.
Brent Kious has objected to our previous criticism of his views on doping, maintaining that we, by and large, misrepresented his position. In this response, we strengthen our original misgivings, arguing that (1) his views on risk of harm in sport are either uncontroversially true (not inconsistent with the views of many doping opponents) or demonstrably false (attribute to doping opponents an overly simplistic view), (2) his use of analogies (still) indicates an oversimplification of many issues surroundin...
Qualitative evidence of a primary intervention point for elite athlete doping.
Anti-doping activities in sport have shifted from secondary prevention (intervening after athletes have used) to educational strategies focused on primary prevention through promoting abstinence. There is no empirical evidence to guide targeting of anti-doping education initiatives. In this paper, a heuristic to guide education initiatives was derived by re-analysing a series of interviews (n=20) with athletes, coaches, sports managers, physiotherapists and sports nutritionists. The findings indicate primar...
