Application of Genetic Polymorphisms of DNA Repair in The Prediction of Prostate Cancer Susceptibility and Its Clinical Outcome
Summary
Primary: to investigate the effects of DNA repair gene polymorphisms on prostate cancer susceptibility, pathological grade, disease stage and clinical outcome Secondary: to understand the association between DNA repair gene polymorphism and prostate cancer and provided important information for screening, prevention and treatment of prostate cancer
Description
DNA repair plays a key role in carcinogenesis through the removal and repair of DNA damage induced by endogenous and environmental sources. The DNA repair system included four pathways: 1) Base Excision Repair (BER), 2) Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER), 3) Mismatch Repair (MMR) and 4) Double-Strand Break Repair, including homologous recombination pathway and nonhomologous end-joining repair pathway. Decreased and impaired DNA repair capacity has been reported in various cancers, however, its effect on prostate cancer still under investigated.
Common polymorphisms in DNA repair gene may alter protein function and individual’s capacity to repair damaged DNA, hence, influence the cancer susceptibility. Polymorphic variants of DNA repair gene have been found to be associated with cancer susceptibility, but rare studies have investigated their effect on prostate cancer. Since variation in the function of these DNA repair genes also impact a cancer cell’s viability or resistance to treatment, genetic variants in DNA repair might serve as a valuable biomarker in forcasting the result of cancer treatment. In fact, some reports have demonstrated the association between polymorphisms of DNA repair genes and results of treatment of various cancers.
For the present study proposal, we focused on several DNA repair genes: X-ray repair cross- complementing group 1 (XRCC1), human oxoguanine glycosylase I (hOGG1), xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group D (XPD), hMSH2, hMLH1 and X-ray repair cross-complementing group 3 (XRCC3), which might have relevance in prostate carcinogenesis based on their known functions. XRCC1 is involved in DNA repair in the base excision pathway, the hOGG1 gene encodes a DNA glycosylase /apurinic-apyrimidinic lyase that catalyzes the excision and removal the 8-OH-dG (8-hydroxy- 2-deoxyguanine) - which is a major form of oxidative DNA damage. The XPD gene codes for a DNA helicase involved in transcription and nucleotide excision repair. The hMSH2 and hMLH1 are genes involved with mismatch repair. The XRCC3 gene encoded a protein in the double-strand break homologous recombinational repair pathways.
In this proposed study, we will also use PCR-based methods to investigate the effects of DNA repair gene polymorphisms on prostate cancer susceptibility, pathological grade, disease stage and clinical outcome. With these efforts, we will further understand the association between DNA repair gene polymorphism and prostate cancer and provided important information for screening, prevention and treatment of prostate cancer.
Study Design
Observational Model: Defined Population, Primary Purpose: Screening, Time Perspective: Longitudinal, Time Perspective: Retrospective/Prospective
Conditions
Prostate Cancer
Location
National Taiwan University Hospital
Taipei
Taiwan
Status
Recruiting
Source
National Taiwan University Hospital
Results (where available)
Links
- Source: http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00167024
- Information obtained from ClinicalTrials.gov on July 15, 2010
Medical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions
Prostate-specific Antigen
A glycoprotein that is a kallikrein-like serine proteinase and an esterase, produced by epithelial cells of both normal and malignant prostate tissue. It is an important marker for the diagnosis of prostate cancer.
Fenretinide
A synthetic retinoid that is used orally as a chemopreventive against prostate cancer and in women at risk of developing contralateral breast cancer. It is also effective as an antineoplastic agent.
Ultrasound, High-intensity Focused, Transrectal
Tissue ablation of the PROSTATE performed by ultrasound from a transducer placed in the RECTUM. The procedure is used to treat prostate cancer (PROSTATIC NEOPLASMS) and benign prostatic hypertrophy (PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA).
Prostatic Secretory Proteins
Proteins secreted by the prostate gland. The major secretory proteins from the human prostate gland include PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN, prostate-specific acid phosphatase, prostate-specific membrane antigen, and prostate-specific protein-94.
Prostatic Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.
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